Journal of Polymer Materials : An International Journal

ISSN: 0973-8622

e-ISSN: 0976-3449

Subject: Chemistry

Periodicity: Quarterly

DOI: 10.32381/JPM

Month(s) of Publication: Mar., Jun., Sept. & Dec.

Current Volume: 38 (2021)

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Journal of Polymer Materials-An International Journal is published quarterly (4 issues per year), which covers broadly most of the important and fundamental areas of Polymer Science and Technology. It reports reviews on current topics and original research results on synthesis of monomers and polymers, polymer analysis, characterization and testing, properties of polymers, structure-property relation, polymer processing and fabrication, and polymer applications. Research and development activities on functional polymers, polymer blends and alloys, composites and nanocomposites, paints and surface coatings, rubbers and elastomeric materials, and adhesives are also published.

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Volume 38 (2021) Issue 3-4 , (July-2021 to December-2022)

Jul-Dec

Durable Aroma Finishing of Wool Fabric with Microencapsulated Vetiver Essential Oil and Assessment of its Properties
by SHALINI RUKHAYA, NEELAM M. ROSE AND SAROJ YADAV

Page: 179-190

Abstract: The present study was conducted to develop aroma wool fabric using microencapsulated vetiver essential oil without deteriorating the fabric properties. SEM analysis of the treated wool fabric depicted adhesion of numerous microcapsules of spherical shape and FTIR analysis indicated presence of different functional groups on the fabric. The aroma treatment improved most of the tested physical properties of wool fabric. Aroma treated fabric displayed good antimoth efficacy in terms of weight reduction (7.57%) and moth mortality (40%). Treated wool fabric also exhibited antibacterial activity with 63.45 and 61.37 percent reduction in bacterial growth against S. aureus and E.coli, respectively. The UPF value of scoured fabric (30.25) enhanced to 87.70 after treatment with microencapsulated vetiver oil. Aroma durability in terms of retention and intensity of aroma in treated fabric was assessed and good aroma durability was noticed against washing, abrasion, ironing and sun-drying. Hence, microencapsulated vetiver oil appears to be an appropriate aspirant for the development of multifunctional textiles having fragrance with added antimoth, antibacterial and UV protection properties.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.1

Study on the Weathering Performance of Polypropylene by Artificial Accelerated Aging and Natural Aging by MINGYU HE, AMATJAN SAWUT, LI GUAN, YING LI AND MAMATJAN YIMIT

Page: 191-203

Abstract: The weathering performance of polypropylene (PP) was studied in an artificial accelerated weathering chamber of 340 nm ultraviolet light and natural conditions in Turpan, China. This work aimed to provide a method for calculating the aging failure of PP under natural conditions by the means of artificial accelerated aging. SEM showed that large crack widths of approximately 1.25 μm and 1.63 μm appealed on the PP surface after 15 days artificial accelerated aging and 150 days natural aging, respectively. XPS data revealed that the number of C-O and C=O bonds on the PP surface were generally the same after artificial accelerated aging and natural aging of PP for 3 and 30 days, 6 and 60 days, or 9 and 90 days, respectively. Moreover, the data of mechanical properties and capillary rheology also exhibited similar results. It was concluded that the aging rate of artificial accelerated aging was 10 times faster than that of natural aging in Turpan.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.2

Synthesis and Characterization of poly (N-glycidyl-2-oxazolidone) Using a Green and Efficient Catalyst by SORAYA SEGHIER AND MOHAMMED BELBACHIR

Page: 205-218

Abstract: In the present paper, we report the synthesis of a new amino polymer made of oxazolidinone using an efficient ecocatalyst called Maghnite-H+. The synthesis process contains two steps: the first consists to the preparation of an amino oxiran 3-(oxiran-ylmethyl) oxazolidin- 2-one (OMO) by a substitution reaction of epichlorhydrin by 2-oxazolidinone, the second step concerns a green polymerization of the resultant oxiran by a ring opening reaction catalysed by Maghnite-H+.

The polymer have been successfully prepared and characterized by various techniques, such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, which were used to elucidate the structural characteristics of the resulting polymers. The effects of the amount of Maghnite-H+ and temperature on the conversion and number average molecular weight of polymers were studied. The polymerization conversion and number average molecular weight, increased as the proportions of catalyst were increased.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.3

Taguchi Design of the Experimental approach to Increase the Biomass and Cell Wall Chitosan Contents of Zygomycetous Dimorphic Fungus Benjaminiella Poitrasii by S.R. MANE, E. K. PATHAN, G. PATIL, S. G. TUPE, V. GHORMADE, B. P. CHAUDHARI AND M.V. DESHPANDE

Page: 219-230

Abstract: A dimorphic fungus Benjaminiella poitrasii contains high chitin/chitosan (35% of the cell wall) in the mycelial (M) form than its yeast (Y) form (20% of the cell wall). However, the relative proportion of chitosan is more in yeast form cells (chitosan: chitin ratio, 6:1) than mycelial cells (chitosan: chitin ratio, 3:1). Using the Taguchi design of experimental (DOE) approach, interactions among eight different parameters showed that carbon source (starch, 10 g/L), incubation time (48 h), inoculum (M and Y mixed 10%), yeast extract (6 g/L) and peptone (10 g/L), were optimum for maximum biomass production. Under these conditions, the chitosan yield from the mycelia was 60.89±2.30 mg/g of dry biomass, while from the yeast cells was 28.29±2.7 mg/g. The molecular weights of chitosan isolated from M and Y cells were 41.28 kDa and 21.72 kDa, respectively as measured by gel permeation chromatography. The degree of deacetylation of chitosans as 88.17-90.72% DDA measured by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, chitosans from M and Y cells inhibited the growth of plant pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum (MIC900.1 and 0.4 mg/mL) and Ustilago maydis (MIC900.4 and 0.8 mg/mL) at lower concentrations as compared to chitosan isolated from marine sources (MIC90 0.8 and >1.6 mg/mL).

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.4

Genipin Cross-linked Boron Doped Hydrogels: Evaluation of Biological Activities by ELIF ANT BURSALI, DILER ABACI, MURAT KIZIL AND MURUVVET YURDAKOC

Page: 231-245

Abstract: Genipin cross-linked/boron doped starch/polyvinily alcohol (PVA) based hydrogel (SH-GNP-B) was synthesized as a new material having antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The prepared hydrogel was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) methods and evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activities against selected organisms by disc diffusion tests. The antioxidant activity of the prepared hydrogels was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays. Swelling behavior of the hydrogel was also investigated.

The synthesized hydrogel was thermally stable and showed pH independent swelling tendency. SH-GNP-B hydrogel was found to have antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptecocus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis microorganisms and antioxidant activities. The antimicrobial activity was improved more effectively by doping boric acid (B) to hydrogel. The hydrogel exhibited weak antioxidant activity when compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT).

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.5

Development of Chitosan-based Films Containing Hypericum perforatum L. and Citrus limon L. as Potential Wound Dressing Materials by DENIZ AKIN SAHBAZ AND BETUL TURP KAYA

Page: 247-256

Abstract: The objective of this study is to develop chitosan-based films containing Hypericum perforatum L. and/or Citrus limon L. oils and to investigate their suitability as novel wound dressing materials. The morphology of the chitosan-based films were observed by means of employing the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the chemical structure characterization was performed via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hypericum perforatum L. and/or Citrus limon L. were successfully incorporated to the chitosan films. Antibacterial, swelling, and mechanical properties of these films were investigated. The antibacterial property was enhanced by incorporating Hypericum perforatum L. and Citrus limon L. oils in the chitosan films. The outcome of the study reveals that the Hypericum perforatum L. and Citrus limon L. incorporated inside chitosan-based films are of great potential wound dressing in the future, because of their good biocompatible, antimicrobial, and physical properties.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.6

The Thermal Properties, Mechanical Performances and Crystallization behaviors of Poly(aryl Ether Ketone) Copolymers by the effect of Ether/Ketone Ratio by ZHIHUI HUANG, JIAMIAO CHEN, YANPING HUO AND JINGWEI ZHAO

Page: 257-269

Abstract: The effect of the ether/keto ratios on the thermal properties, mechanical performances and crystallization behavior of the Poly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAEK) were investigated. A formula was proposed the estimate the melting temperatures of the PAEKs with high accuracy. Glass transition temperatures were affected by the ether/keto ratios and molecular weights, and were related with the brittle-tough transition of the PAEKs. Mechanical performances of tensile, impact, flexural and compressive strength decreased with the increase of ether/keto ratios, while elongation had a trend of increase. The non-isothermal crystallization curves exhibited well linearity when treated with Jeziorny’s model, and two crystallization processes were found. The activation energies of the PAEKs were calculated to be 550~580 KJ/mol by Doyle’s method. All the PAEKs exhibited spherulites and their sizes decreased with the increase of ether/keto ratios.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.7

Synthesis of poly(w-pentadecalactone) using Lipase Immobilized onto a Renewable Carrier, Rice husk ash and their Characterization by CANSU ULKER TURAN AND YUKSEL GUVENILIR

Page: 271-280

Abstract: Rice husk ash is a side-product of rice production; thus, it is a cheap, abundant, and renewable material, and utilized as an enzyme carrier to immobilize Candida antarctica lipase B. In this study, Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized onto rice husk ashes was used to catalyze ring opening polymerization of 16-membered lactone, ω-pentadecalactone. In order to determine the best polymerization conditions for highest molar mass polymer, reactions were proceeded at various temperatures and time periods. The best reaction conditions were obtained as 80°C and 6 hours (Mn= 34255 g mol-1). Molecular structure of this polymer sample was confirmed via proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Consequently, poly(ω-pentadecalactone) was synthesized enzymatically with rapid polymerization tendency and improved thermal properties which were quite close to low-density polyethylene. Successful polymerization results showed that Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized onto rice husk ashes may be a good alternative to commercial immobilized form, Novozyme 435, as a result of its comparable activity and low cost.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.8

A study on Flame-retardancy Property of UV Curable Epoxy Coating for Wooden Surfaces using Boron Diluent and Phosphorus Based Initiator by RAJKUMAR SINGH RAWAT, MEENU TALWAR, RAJENDRA KUMAR DIWAN AND AJAY KUMAR TYAGI

Page: 281-294

Abstract: In the present paper,boron based diluent was synthesized and incorporated in to a Ultraviolet (UV) radiation curable epoxy coating composition comprising of phosphorus based initiator (Trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphine oxide) for enhancing its flame retardant property. The boron based diluent was synthesized by thermal polymerization technique. The presence of boron and phosphorus on the coating surface was confirmed by Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques and functionality was determination by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and proton/boron NMR spectroscopy technique. The flame retardency property of the coating composition was confirmed by determining limiting oxygen index,vertical burning test, rate of burning. Results revealed that the incorporation of boron diluent increases the Limiting Oxygen Index value from 21% to 33% and decreases the rate of burning from 58 to 6 seconds. The char yield confirms the self-extinguishing property of the coating system.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.9

Growth of Non-enzymatic Cholesterol Biosensor using TiO Decorated Graphene Oxide with Bare GCE and PPy-GCE by S. DEIVANAYAKI, P. JAYAMURUGAN, S. ASHOKAN AND V. GOPALA KRISHNAN

Page: 295-307

Abstract: The cholesterol level determination is a significant clinical diagnostic solution for heart and, thrombosis problems. In this work, we examined a novel non-enzymatic cholesterol biosensor using cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) enzyme immobilized on TiO2 nanoparticles influenced by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) - polypyrrole (PPy) (rGO-TiO2/PPy-GCE) nanocomposite was developed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and the higher sensing response with lower detection limits were observed. The electrochemical properties of GCE modified PPy (PPy-GCE) were studied using CV (Cyclic Voltammetry) and DPV (Differential Pulse Voltammetry). The reported sensor exhibited piecewise linearity in the range of 0.1 μM to 1 μM and 1 μM to 600 μM with the sensing response of 61.665 and 0.1466 (2μA μM×cm) respectively. The detection limits of the sensor were found to be 32 nm. The results were repeatable and reproducible and this sensor can be applied to determine the cholesterol at real sample with satisfactory results.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.10

Inkjet-printed Myoglobin based H S Sensor by KANCHANA M, RAJASEKARAN E, KUMAR B AND USHA ANTONY

Page: 309-325

Abstract: The objective of this research work is to investigate the feasibility of fabricating bio-based visual sensor indicators to detect the presence of H2S using inkjet printing. Myoglobin and chitosan were used as indicating and immobilizing materials respectively. 30 mg of myoglobin dissolved in 1 mL of tris buffer with 10% glycerol gave optimum jettability properties. Similarly, drop formation was optimal for 0.50% m/v chitosan solution diluted to 10 cP viscosity. The samples were fabricated in layer-by-layer approach and indicator with 2 layers of chitosan and 4 layers of myoglobin gave maximum sensitivity with 14.42 for 0.7 mg/L of H2S. The sensors retained their functionality for 5 days even when stored at room temperature.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.11

4-dimensional Printing of Multi-material, Multi-shape Changing Shape Memory Polymer Composites by MANIKANDAN.N AND RAJESH.P.K

Page: 327-336

Abstract: In this research, a new method to fabricate multi-material, multi-shape changing polymer composites is proposed. The method aims to reduce the number of thermomechanical programming steps involved in achieving shape change in a shape memory polymer (SMP) composite structure by including the programming steps directly into the printing process. After a single step of mechanical deformation and thermal loading, the SMP fibers can be activated sequentially to control the shape change. Composite strip samples were fabricated using a Stratasys Objet 260 multimaterial printer. Two polymer inks VeroPure White and Agilus30 were used as primary materials. The composite strip consists of fiber layers made of digital materials (DM) namely RGD8525 and FLX9895 which are embedded in an elastomer matrix material Agilus30. The glass transition temperature of the sample materials was measured using the DMA fixture of Anton Paar MCR 102 rheometer in film tension mode and the values for the matrix, fiber 1 and fiber 2 are 4°C, 52°C and 32°C respectively. Fiber 1 and fiber 2 materials have distinct Tg values enabling the possibility of multiple shape memory effect. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed using a universal tensile testing machine, ZwickRoell Z010 to understand the stress-strain behavior of the sample materials. At 25°C, fiber 1 exhibits elastoplastic behavior and as the temperature is increased to 60°C the behavior changes to linear elastic. The Young’s modulus of the matrix material is considerably lower than the two fiber materials indicating that the fiber materials can induce shape change effect in the composite strip. The designed composite structure was able to display shape change in two different modes: bridge and cantilever. The shape change responses were achieved at 9 seconds and 7 seconds in the bridge and cantilever modes respectively which indicated that composite structures can be actuated sequentially. With the key advantages of multiple shape changes and an easy fabrication process, the direct 4D printing of shape memory polymer composite structures display vast potential in 4D printing applications including medical, automobile and aerospace applications.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.3-4.12

Volume 38 (2021)

Volume 38 (2021) Issue 1-2 , (January-2021 to June-2021)

January-June

Reinforcing Effect of Compatibilizers Containing Oxazoline Groups in Liquid Crystalline Polymer/Polypropylene Blending Material by SHOGO TAKASUKA AND TATSUHIRO TAKAHASHI

Page: 1-10

Abstract: The effects of compounds containing oxazoline groups and the presence of maleic anhydridegrafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) on the spectral, morphological, and tensile properties of polypropylene (PP)/liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) blends were investigated. A wholly aromatic LCP having a low melting point which was copolyester, namely AL-7000 have been used, because thermal decomposition of PP and compatibilizer must be prevented.Compression molding was selected as the molding method because it allows molding with a small amount of sample. The binary blends of PP and LCP showed a degradation of tensile properties compared to pure PP. However, the addition of 2,2'-bis(2-oxazoline) and PP-g-MAH as compatibilizers dramatically improved the dispersion of LCP in the PP matrix, resulting in improved tensile properties. In particular, the tensile elongation at break was significantly increased, and cohesive failure (breakage within the matrix rather than at the PP/LCP interface) was observed in scanning electron microscopy images.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.1

Curing Kinetics of Epoxy Resin of (2E, 6E) 2,6-Bis (4-hydroxy benzylidene) Cyclohexanone by DHARMESH B. SANKHAVARA, JALPA V. CHOPDA, JIGNESH P. PATEL AND PARSOTAM H. PARSANIA

Page: 11-19

Abstract: The curing of epoxy resin of (2E, 6E)-2,6-bis(4-hydroxy benzylidene) cyclohexanone (EBHBC) was carried out at four different heating rates in the nitrogen atmosphere by using 4,4’-diamino diphenylmethane (DDM), 4,4’-diamino diphenyl sulfone (DDS), and 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (THPA) as hardeners. From DSC curves onset, peak exotherm and end set temperatures, as well as heat release, were derived. The energy of activation was derived following Kissinger and Ozawa methods. Observed trend in Ea is EBHBC-THPA > EBHBCDDS > EBHBC-DDM > EBHBC. Nature and chemical structure of the hardeners affected the curing of EBHBC.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.2

On the Engineering Properties of TPV derived from Hypalon, PP and a Compatibilizer (PMES-MA) prepared by Dynamic Vulcanization by ASIS K. MANDAL, DEBABRATA CHAKRABORTY, MAHUYA DAS AND SAMIR K SIDDHANTA

Page: 21-34

Abstract: Elastomeric chlorosulfonated polyethylene (Hypalon) and thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) based thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPVs) were prepared in presence of different doses of partial methyl ester of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (PMES-MA) as compatibilizer employing dynamic vulcanization technique. The mechanical analysis of the prepared TPVs exhibited significant improvements in stress at 25% modulus, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and hardness values. FTIR studies revealed that a chemical interaction had taken place between hypalon and compatibilizer during the process of dynamic vulcanization which led to an enhancement of interfacial adhesion between them. The two-phase morphologies were clearly observed by scanning electron microscopic studies. The Tg values of hypalon were modified in the TPVs as exhibited by differential scanning calorimetric studies. TGA studies indicated the increase in thermal stability of all TPVs with respect to the elastomeric hypalon. Rheological properties showed that the compatibilizer reduces the melt viscosity of TPVs and thus facilitates the processibility of the same.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.3

Curing Study of Epoxy Resin of (2E, 6E)-Bis (4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylcyclohexanone with Different Aromatic Diamines and Anhydrides Hardeners: Spectral and Thermal Analysis by JALPA V. CHOPDA, DHARMESH B. SANKHAVARA, JIGNESH P. PATEL AND P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 35-48

Abstract: Conventional curing study of epoxy resin of (2E, 6E)-bis (4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methyl cyclohexanone (EMBHBC) was conducted at 140 0/150 0C by using 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM),4,4’-diaminodiphenylsulphone (DDS),4-4’-diaminodiphenyl ether (DDE), p-phenylenediamine (PDA), 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride(THPA), maleic anhydride (MAH) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA). The gel time for DDS, THPA and DDM hardeners are found considerably longer than those of DDE, PDA, MAH and PMDA systems indicated different reactivity towards curing of EMBHBC. Sol–gel analysis of cured resins was carried out in DMF at room temperature. Diamines cured samples showed 76.3-97.5% gel fractions, while anhydrides cured samples showed 84.6-99.6% gel fractions. DDM, PDA and THPA are found suitable hardeners for curing of EMBHBC. Cured EMBHBC samples are characterized by FTIR, DSC and TGA techniques. DSC endothermic/exothermic transitions supported either physical or chemical change as supported by TGA. Diamines and anhydrides cured EMBHBC are thermally stable up to 224–315 0C and 237–300 0C, respectively and followed two step degradation reactions except EMBHBC-PDA and EMBHBC-MAH. Diamines and anhydrides cured EMBHBC showed respectively 30–52% and 32–41% residues at 700 0C. Use of selected hardeners affected curing and thermal behavior of the cured epoxy resins under selected experimental conditions.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.4

Effects of PEG200 on the Properties and Performance of PVDF Membranes in the Separation of Methanol- Water Mixtures by Pervaporation by DIPESH D. KACHHADIYA AND Z.V.P. MURTHY

Page: 49-61

Abstract: The conventional process for methanol-water separation like distillation consumes about 60 % of total energy. As an alternative, researchers have developed a membrane-based separation process for alcohol-water mixtures separation. However, there is a big challenge for researches to separate alcohol-water aqueous mixtures using a polymeric membrane because of swelling. In the present work, the aim is to separate methanol from water by pervaporation using polymeric membranes made up of polyvinylidenefluroide (PVDF) and polyethylene glycol (PEG200) modified PVDF membranes. The membranes were characterized by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A study on the process parameters such as temperature (35, 40, 45, 50, and 55 °C) and feed composition (20%, 30%, and 40% of methanol) was carried out for pure PVDF membrane. The pure PVDF membrane was modified by adding pore-forming agent PEG200, which results in increasing the porosity of the membrane. Due to an increase in porosity of the membrane, the hydrophilicity of the membrane was found to be increased. As a result, higher water flux was observed than methanol flux in the modified membrane. For the pure PVDF membrane, the total flux increased with an increase of methanol content in the feed. The PEG-modified membrane is more selective towards water than methanol, so the higher methanol selectivity was found in the pure PVDF membrane.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.5

Preparation of Chitin-Glucan Microsphere via Spray-Drying Technique and their Antibacterial Activity by ANU SINGH AND P.K. DUTTA

Page: 63-69

Abstract: The experiment was designed to examine the microsphere of the chitin-glucan complex. We formed a chitin-glucan microsphere (ChGMS) from the spray dryer technique. SEM images observed that shape of ChGMS was spherical. From particle size analyzer and SEM analysis both showed that the size of particles was in the range of 1.5 to 3.5 μm. It showed amorphous nature after the formation of microsphere particles of chitin-glucan. The effect of chitin-glucan complex and ciprofloxacin loaded chitin-glucan microsphere on Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli were also tested. Antibacterial analysis was indicating that the ciprofloxacin loaded chitinglucan microsphere strongly inhibited the growth of bacteria in comparison to the chitin-glucan solution. From the analysis, we can conclude that the antibacterial property was also dependent on the size of the chitin-glucan microsphere. Complexation of the chitin-glucan microsphere with ciprofloxacin improved the antibacterial activity of the chitin-glucan microsphere.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.6

Glass/Biofibers/Epoxy Methacrylate of Bisphenol-C Sandwich Composites: Comparative Mechanical and Electrical Properties and Chemical Resistance by RITESH D. BHATT, JIGNESH P. PATEL AND P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 71-87

Abstract: Glass/Biofibers/Epoxy methacrylate of bisphenol-C (G/BF/EBCMAS) sandwich composites was prepared by compression molding. G/BF/EBCMAS showed good mechanical and good to excellent electrical properties and excellent chemical resistance. Studied properties are compared with EBCMAS and G/EBCMAS. In comparison with G/EBCMAS, G/BF/EBCMAS showed considerable decline of tensile strength (18-63.4%), flexural strength (18.8-38.7%), flexural modulus (12.8-50.7%), Izod impact strength (17.4-43.5%), Barcol hardness (2.1-16.7%) and dielectric strength (23.8-76.8%) except flexural strength of G/BM/EBCMAS. G/WC/EBCMAS (96.7%), G/B/EBCMAS (79.2%), G/GN/EBCMAS (83.3%) and G/RH/EBCMAS (97.9%) showed decline of volume resistivity, whereas other sandwich composites showed 1150-58233% improvement. The decrease in mechanical properties and dielectric strength of G/BF/EBCMAS sandwich composites is mainly due to poor interfacial adhesion and randomly oriented fibers. Water absorption trend in different environments is H2SO4 (10.9-12.7%) > HCl (10.5-12.3%) > NaOH (9.5-11.7%) > H2O (8.3-11.0%) > NaCl (7.9-10.1%). Saturation time for G/BF/ EBCMAS in different environments is 336-384 h (H2O), 228-360 h (NaCl), 336-360 h (NaOH and HCl) and 312-360h (H2SO4), which is comparable with G/EBCMAS (336-384) except G/BC/EBCMAS (288 h, NaCl), G/B/EBCMAS (312 h, H2O) and G/GN/ EBCMAS (228 h, NaCl). Sandwich composites may be useful for low-cost housing and other specific applications.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.7

Effect of N,N-Dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride modified microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) on the processing behaviour and properties of cellulose-rubber (NBR and EPDM) composites by LAVANYA, R AND NATCHIMUTHU, N

Page: 89-100

Abstract: Rubber composites of nitrile (NBR) and Ethylene-Propylene-Diene (EPDM) containing unmodified and modified microcrystalline cellulose(MCC) are evaluated for their processing behaviour. The used modified MCC (T-MCC) was treated by N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/ LiCl).ATR-FTIR spectra of NBR-MCC composites have indicated N-H stretching and bending vibrations and confirmed interactions between nitrile rubber and MCC. AFM studies have indicated that the average roughness of NBR-T-MCC was significantly reduced when compared to that of NBR-untreated MCC. Important processing parameters such as scorch time and cure time are found to decrease significantly for both NBR and EPDM composites withT-MCC. Mechanical properties of these composites are found to be low irrespective of cellulose. While swelling of NBR-T-MCC composites was found to be higher in ethylmethyl ketone and DMAc/LiCl solvent systems. The composites with EPDM rubber do not indicate any swelling in DMAc/LiCl and in toluene.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.8

Flammabilty and Mechanical Performance of MWCNT Incorporated Cyante Ester/Carbon Fiber Composites by JITENDRA. S. TATE, HARISH KALLAGUNTA AND ANDREW ALVAREZ

Page: 101-120

Abstract: The exponential growth in composites and their increased use in military, aerospace, energy, and automotive industry is driven by their high performance and light weight. High performance thermosetting polymers such as cyanate ester have received considerable attention due to its ability of volatile-free curing. It also offers advantages such as excellent radiation shielding, high thermal stability, and hydrophobicity with lots of potential for enhanced mechanical strength. This research article discusses the results of effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) at predetermined loading levels of 0.5wt%, 1wt% and 1.5wt% on mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of cyanate ester modified carbon fiber composites. The static mechanical tests indicate 1wt% loading level of MWCNT as optimal loading with an improvement of 19% in tensile strength, 22% in flexure strength, 53% in compressive strength. Thermogravimetric analysis studies revealed that MWCNT has negative effect on thermal stability of cyanate ester resin. The flammability properties assessed based on micro combustion calorimetry studies indicated that the final composites possess excellent flammability properties as indicated by the HRR and HRC.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.9

Sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) and its Blended Nanocomposite for Proton Conducting Membranes by ABDUL KALAM AZAD, ARVIND GUPTA, LAKSHMI UNNIKRISHNAN, SMITA MOHANTY AND SANJAY KUMAR NAYAK

Page: 121-136

Abstract: Proton conducting hydrophilic channels were created successfully in poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) by means of step by step modification followed by the optimization of sulfonation process (SPEEK70, DS=68.57%). Although highly sulfonated PEEK has excellent proton conductivity, it lacks in mechanical stability due to low swelling degree. Therefore, a potential method has been proposed in this work by integrating poly (sulfone) and nanosilica (SiO2) into SPEEK matrix. SPEEK 70 (S) was utilized to prepare blended nanocomposite membranes for further enhancement of hydrophilic channels. The blended nanocomposite membranes are, SPEEK/SiO2 as SNS, SPEEK blended with poly (sulfone) as SP, SPEEK blended with sulfonated poly (sulfone) as SSP and SPEEK blended with sulfonated poly (sulfone)/ (SiO2) as SSPNS. All the prepared membranes were characterized and its performance was discussed in detail to identify the appropriate membrane for the better replacement of Nafion. Expected intermolecular interaction and its obstruction of free hydrophilic channels were confirmed with the gradual increase in proton conductivity from 0.0165 to 0.2557mS/cm.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.10

Preparation of Oil Shale Ash Filled High Density Polyethylene Composite Materials and their Characterization by RAID BANAT, MANAL AL-RAWASHDEH AND HEBA ALKHLAIFAT

Page: 137-151

Abstract: Composite of oil Shale ash (OSA) filler and high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix was formulated and studied. OSA mainly composed of Ca, Si, and Fe most of which in oxide forms. OSA-HDPE composite with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt. % OSA were produced using extrusion and hot press. Mechanical, morphological, and water uptake properties of the composite are discussed herein. While the tensile stress at yield, 47 MPa, restored its value close to the neat HDPE, an increase in the mean values of the tensile stress at rapture from 19 to 33 MPa, the tensile modulus from 250 to 350 MPa, the flexural strength from 17 to 22 MPa, and the flexural modulus from 1.8 to 2.4 GPa was obtained upon increasing the OSA content. However, the decrease in the mean values of the tensile strain at yield, from 34 to 27 % (for higher OSA load), the tensile stain at rapture from 160 to 40 %, and the impact strength from 65 to 50 MPa were observed upon increasing the OSA content. Water uptake was marginally increased, from 0.35 to 0.50%, with the filler loading. OSA-HDPE composite apparently remained stiff and hard with almost no deformation due to water contact. Microstructures obtained from scanning electron microscopy were in good agreement with the apparent mechanical performance. OSA-HDPE composite have superior properties compared to the neat HDPE.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.11

Schiff’s base of Fe3O4@chitosan with 4,4'- diselenobisbenzaldehyde: Preparation, characterization and its catalytic activity for oxidation of sulphides by RAFAT SABA, MOHD. KASHIF AZIZ, GHULAM MUSTAFA, ARPIT SRIVASTAVA AND SHEKHAR SRIVASTAVA

Page: 153-166

Abstract: We have synthesized Schiff’s base of Fe3O4@chitosan with 4,4'-diselenobisbenzaldehyde (Fe3O4@CSSe) composite and used it as acatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides, having some advantageous properties such as eco-friendly, cost-effective and highly efficient magnetic biocatalyst of selenium. The synthesized schiff’s base was characterized by different physical characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). Further, we used the resulting schiff’s base as a catalyst in the presence of a green oxidant (H2O2) to oxidize sulfides to corresponding sulfoxides at room temperature. It has been found that yield of sulfoxides depend on the amount of H2O2, loading catalyst and various solvents condition. Besides, more efficiently oxidation of dibutyl sulfide observed in the solvent-free condition with the yield of 94 per cent in the presence of 20mg Fe3O4@CSSe and 0.5 mL H2O2.Thus, the magnetic schiff’s base catalyst applied to oxidation of a broad range of sulfides. This may help enrich and develop future research on organic synthesis.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.12

Structural, Thermal, Optical, Mechanical and Morphological Properties of ABS/RGO with DBDPE Nanocomposites by IBRAHIM KARTERI AND MUSTAFA OZYESILDAG

Page: 167-177

Abstract: This study aims to provide a comprehensive account of chemically reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) filled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) multifunctional filaments for fused deposition modeling (FDM) applications. ABS/RGO with DBDPE nanocomposites (ABS-GDM) were fabricated by single-screw extrusion at a diameter of 1.75 mm. The proportion of RGO and DBDPE for the ABS-GDM filaments was set to 0.75 wt%. The properties of the ABS-GDM were determined using optical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological characteristics (using scanning electron microscopy). A three-dimensional (3D) model was successfully printed using the developed ABS-GDM filaments for FDM 3D printing. These ABS-GDM have the potential to be used in FDM 3D printing. Considering the optical band gap of the nanocomposites, they can also be used in optoelectronic devices and sensor applications. Also, the vertical combustion standard testing results showed that ABSGDM filaments can be flame retardant.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.13

Volume 37 (2020)

Volume 37 (2020) Issue 3-4 , (July-2020 to December-2020)

July-December

Editorial: On the Origin of Polymer Research in India

Page: i-iv

Synergistic Effect of Nano-a-Al2O3 Particles on Mechanical Properties of Glass-fibre reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composites by ANIL KUMAR VEERAPANENI, CHANDRASEKAR KUPPAN AND MURTHY CHAVALI

Page: 121-130

Abstract: The mechanical properties of hybrid nanocomposites made of epoxy/glass fibre dispersed with nano-α-Al2O3 powder at different weight percentages were studied.The effect of nano-α- Al2O3size and wt% on mechanical properties like tensile, flexural, interlaminar shear stress and hardness enhanced because of their higher surface area and interfacial polymer-metal interaction. The nanoparticle embedded laminates have shown improvement in flexural strength,and hardness when compared to laminate without nano-α-Al2O3. The properties varied with the loading and size of the nanoparticles. The tensile strength was highest for 0.5 wt% of 200nm nano-α-Al2O3 , which is 167.80 N/m2.The highest flexural strength was observed for 1.5 wt% of 60nm nano-α-Al2O3 based laminates which was 378.39 N/m2 and the highest interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) was observed for 0.5 wt% of 60nm nano-α- Al2O3 , which is 31.21 MPa and the highest Vickers hardness was found to be 86.72 for 1.5 wt% of 60nm nano-α-Al2O3.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.3-4.1

Study of Optical, Electrical and Acoustical Properties of CuSO Doped Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) based Polymer Solutions by RAJEEV KUMAR

Page: 131-142

Abstract: The optical, electrical and acoustical properties of a polymer solution based on polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) doped with different concentration of cupric sulphate (CuSO4) were studied.UVVIS spectroscopy results reflected that absorption increases in asymmetric manner and the absorption peak showed red shift with increasing Cu ions concentration. The optical band gap (direct and indirect) was found to decrease with increase in Cu ions concentration in the polymer due to increase in the density of localized states in the band-gap.The value of Urbach energy is also evaluated from the transmission spectra and the activation energies are also evaluated from the conductivity measurements and found to decrease with the increase in the concentration of Cu ion in the PVP. The ultrasonic velocity and surface tension are increased while the adiabatic compressibility, acoustic impedance and intermolecular free length decreases with increase in the concentration of CuSO4 in the polymer PVP.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.3-4.2

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(N-(3-(hexylamino)-N- (3-(isopropylamino)-3-oxopropyl)acrylamide) Homopolymer by ARCHANA KUMARI, KHEYANATH MITRA, SAMBHAV VISHWAKARMA, SOUROV MONDAL, SHIKHA SINGH, RAJSHREE SINGH, JAYDEEP SINGH, BISWAJIT MAITI, SUSANTA KUMAR SEN GUPTA AND BISWAJIT RAY

Page: 143-164

Abstract: A new acrylamide monomer N-(3-(hexylamino)-N-(3-(isopropylamino)-3-oxopropyl) acrylamide (HA-NIPAM-AM) and a new RAFT agent O-propionyl-2-(N,N-diphenylcarbamothioylthio) propanoate have successfully been synthesized and used for the synthesis of poly(HA-NIPAM-AM) homopolymers via RAFT polymerization. The formed homopolymers have been characterized by GPC, 1H NMR, FTIR, contact angle measurement, TG-DTA, DSC, and PXRD. Numberaveragemolar masses of the prepared polymers are in the range of 2,500 – 11,500 g/mol. Selfassembly of homopolymer has been studied viacmc determination in water using pyrene as fluorescence probe, HRTEM and DLS. Polymeris thermally stable up to 300 °C and has a glass transition temperature at 85.3 °C. XRD study reveals the presence of nanophases in the polymer matrix. DFT calculation has revealed a helical backbone structure with the pendant groups exposed to inwards and outwards, respectively.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.3-4.3

Plasticized Polyethylene/Chitosan Blend Films and Study of the Effect of Plasticizers on their various Properties and Biodegradabilty by HULYA SEMA KOKER, HÜLYA YAVUZ ERSAN AND AYSE AYTAC

Page: 165-177

Abstract: Chitosan (CH) and low-density polyethylene (PE) blend films were produced by a twin-screw extruder and heat press with different plasticizers glycerol (GLY), sorbitol (SOR) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The tensile strength decreased and elongation at break increased with the incorporation of plasticizer for blends with 10 wt% of CH. The thermal stability of the films was slightly higher for films containing GLY and PEG as compared to SOR. Contact angles reduced from CH-PE film to the films containing PEG, SOR and GLY in decreasing order, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed no interactions between CH and PE in CH-PE film but, the addition of each plasticizer caused an interaction between CH and the plasticizer. CH-PE film containing PEG showed the smallest water vapor permeability. The heterogeneous structure of CH-PE film was improved with the addition of each plasticizer.CH-PE film containing SOR underwent biodegradation rate at a faster compared to the films containing GLY and PEG in soil burial end of 120 days.The lowest biodegradation rate was obtained in CH-PE film containing PEG, among the plasticized-films.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.3-4.4

Nanotitanium Dioxide Reinforced High Performance PEI/Silicone Rubber Composites: Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Characteristics by R.M. MISHRA, R. VIJAYVARGIYA, K.N. PANDEY AND J.S.P. RAI

Page: 179-188

Abstract: The present investigation is targeted to prepare nanocomposites based on binary blends of polyetherimide (PEI)-silicone rubber incorporated with varied loadings of nanotitanium dioxide particles. Nanocomposites have been prepared by melt blending process using twin screw extruder. Thermal properties of the developed nanocomposites have been investigated with the help of thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to analyze the morphological properties of the nanocomposites. Mechanical properties (tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation at break, impact strength) of the nanocomposites have been evaluated by universal testing machine (UTM). Mechanical testing results reveal that there is 35% increase in tensile strength, 3% increase in tensile modulus and 41% increase in impact strength at 1 phr loading of nanotitanium into blend polymer matrix. The nanocomposite having 1 phr nano-titanium has got the highest thermal stability than the others. DMA results indicate that at 50°C nanocomposites having 1 phr nano-titanium reveals 69% increase in storage modulus as compared to pure blend system. SEM micrographs clearly indicate that the nanocomposite with 1 phr loading of nano titanium has the smallest domain size as compared to other nanocomposites .This may be due to uniform and homogeneous dispersion of 1 phr nanotitanium in polymer matrix followed by fairly good polymer filler interaction.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.3-4.5

Effect of Alkali Treatment on Saharan aloe vera cactus Fibre Properties and Optimization of Process by Response Surface Methodology by GOBI NALLATHAMBI AND BHARGAVI RAM THIMMIAH

Page: 189-200

Abstract: The aim of this study is to optimize the process parameters of alkali treated Saharan aloe vera cactus fibres using of Box-behnken experimental design. The Saharan aloe vera cactus fibres were treated with different concentration of NaOH, soaking time and temperature which affect the properties of fibres and plays main role in removal of lignin, hemicellulose, pectin and wax content. The chemical composition of untreated and treated fibres was analyzed by standard methods. XRD result shows the improvement in the crystallinity index of fibres due to alkali treatment. ATR-FTIR analysis shows that hemicellulose and lignin were decreased in all alkali treated fibres. SEM micrographs show the surface roughness in alkali treated fibres. Mechanical properties for the treated and untreated fibres were tested and analysed through single fibre tensile strength tester. TGA proves that thermal stability and decomposition temperature were increased for alkali treated fibres.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.3-4.6

Volume 37 (2020) Issue 1-2 , (January-2020 to June-2020)

January-June

Editorial
The 100 Years of Polymer Science
Energy, Environment and Health Care, Construction, Transportation and Defence
by Dibyendu S. Bag, Swapan K. Dolui, Sukumar Maiti

Page: i-iv

Synthesis of Novel Nanocomposite Based on Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Kaolin and Urea Fertilizer for Controlled Release
by NALINI SHARMA, AJAY SINGH AND RAJ KUMAR DUTTA

Page: 1-15

Abstract: Controlled Release fertilizers (CRFs) are new generation agrochemicals which aid in decreasing environmental pollution. In the present study, novel CRF beads are synthesized by the technique of sol-gel polymerization. CMC polymer at various concentrations was used as a matrix and kaolin was used as a binder to enhance mechanical properties of the beads. The study also reveals the incorporation of Kaolin at different concentrations and optimization of the same. Fe3+ was used as a cross-linker to obtain spherical beads. Also, a study was done to optimize the cross linking time and concentration of cross linking solution. The usage of polymers brings forth the issue of their degradation. But all the materials used in the current study are biodegradable. The incorporation of urea in the prepared fertilizer nanocomposite for controlled release of nutrients was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Formed nanocomposite showed diameter as small as 8.1nm as seen by SEM. The release study of fertilizer was done by incubating the sample in water and released urea content was determined using UV-Vis Spectroscopy at the wavelength of 525 nm by Diacetylmonoxime method at every alternate day. The samples showed optimum release of 66.7, 76.4 and 55.4% for 0.8, 0.9 and 1wt% CMC concentration.

DOI DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.1-2.1

Preparation of Corn Cellulose Films with Controllable Mechanical Property by Using Switchable CO2/DBU/DMSO System by BAOHAI PAN, JUNCHENG HUANG, LAI CHEN, FEI LIU, CHEN JING, HAINING NA, AND JIN ZHU

Page: 17-27

Abstract: A switchable CO2/1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent system is applied to prepare corn cellulose film with controllable mechanical property. By use of the switchable CO2/DBU/DMSO system, a rather simple process concerning reacted dissolution and heated precipitation controlled by addition and releasing of CO2 respectively, to prepare corn cellulose film, is formed. Results exhibit the degree of dissolution of corn cellulose is easily controlled just by adjusting the feeding amount of DBU in the switchable solvent system. Accordingly, some undissolved part of corn cellulose with relative high crystallinity can be appropriately retained to contribute to the improvement of mechanical properties.When DBU/ anhydroglucose unit ratio is equal to 2.5:1, corn cellulose film shows the optimal mechanical properties. The tensile strength and tensile modulus respectively reach 71.3MPa and 4.6±0.2GPa. This research provides a feasible technical methodology to prepare corn cellulose film for potential application as a sustainable material in the future.

DOI DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.1-2.2

Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridine-containing Epoxy: H-bonds Distribution and Thermomechanical Performances by ZHAO JUN, LIU AIQIN, ZHOU HONG, LUO JUN AND LIU YUAN

Page: 29-42

Abstract: Heteroatoms (N, O, and F) and hydrogen groups are important elements for forming the H-bonds. It is well known that a large number of hydrogen groups are formed after curing reaction of epoxy. However, literatures about epoxy resins containing heteroaromatic ring and the H-bonds after cure reaction of the epoxy resins are seldom published. To bridge the gap, a kind of new epoxy monomer containing pyridine ring (EMP) has been synthesized in this work, andit is further cured by 4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM). The properties of cured EMP/ DDM are evaluated by DSC, DMA, and static contact angle measurement. Moreover, the formation and the role of H-bonds in EMP/DDM are characterized by temperature-dependent FT-IR. The results show that the nitrogen heteroatom in pyridine ring effectively involves in the H-bonds and contributes a lot to the thermo-mechanical performances of cured EMP/DDM. We hope that the results presented in this work can work

DOI DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.1-2.3

Experimental Novel Investigation of Electrostatic Charged Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Epoxy Based Polymer Composite by R. SARAVANAN AND A. SURESHBABU

Page: 43-54

Abstract: In this research work, multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) particulate filler of various (0.9, 1.2, 1.5, & 1.8 wt %) weight percentage was used along with epoxy resin. A novel method of distributing the MWCNT in epoxy had been employed to reduce the agglomeration problem by charging the MWCNT electrostatically. The electrostatic charged (MWCNT) and uncharged (MWCNT) were loaded on to matrix and then it was stirred by a mechanical mixer for 300 minutes continuously to achieve uniform distribution. The nano filler reinforced composite was fabricated by using hand layup method and mechanical testing (Tensile and Flexural) were performed as per ASTM standards. The electrostatic charged (MWCNT) results in better dispersion and shows an improved adhesion between the electrostatic charged (MWCNT) and matrix with the evident from the SEM analysis.

DOI DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.1-2.4

Swelling Dynamics of Poly (N, N- Dimethylacrylamide-co-Crotonic acid) Hydrogels and Evaluation of its Potential for Controlled Release of Fertilizers by FATMA LOUZRI AND SADJIA BENNOUR

Page: 55-76

Abstract: Poly(N,N-dimethymethylacrylamide -co-crotonic acid) (P(DMA-CAx)) hydrogels were prepared by free radical polymerization, using N,N- methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) as cross-linking agent. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effects of comonomer composition and pH of the medium on the swelling behavior of hydrogels were investigated. The obtained results showed that the swelling capabilities of hydrogels increased as crotonic acid content and pH increased. In order to evaluate the controlled release potential of the polymeric matrix, it was loaded with potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate as fertilizers and the release kinetics was studied as a function of the chemical composition of the hydrogel and the content of the fertilizer. Various kinetic parameters such as the diffusion exponent and diffusion coefficient were also determined. These pH sensitive copolymer hydrogels present a promising approach for controlled release of fertilizers.

DOI DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.1-2.5

Anionic Polymerization of å-Caprolactone Using Potassium -Butoxide/18-Crown-6 Initiating System by YAN WANG, LI-FANG ZHANG AND XIAO-QI WANG

Page: 77-89

Abstract: The effect of 18-crown-6 ether (18C6) on the anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε -CL) using potassium tert-butoxide (t-BuOK) as the initiator was studied. The experimental results showed that 18C6 in combination with t-BuOK exhibited high selectivity for ring opening relative to trans-esterification and improved control toward the ROP of ε-CL, producing poly(ε- caprolactone) (PCL) with much higher molecular weight and relatively narrow distribution compared to those using t-BuOK alone as the initiator.The influences of reaction conditions, such as monomer concentration, monomer/initiator molar ratio, and [18C6]/[t-BuOK] molar ratio, as well as reaction temperature and time on the polymerization have been examined in detail. The resulting hopolymers were characterized by various analytical techniques, such as GPC, FTIR, 1H NMR, DSC, TGA, and MALDI-ToF MS, to monitor the structures and property changes of PCLs.

DOI DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.1-2.6

Study of the Effect of Graphite Filler on the Vulcanizing Behavior and Properties of Nitrile Rubber and NBR-PVC Blends by D. MURALI MANOHAR, B.C. CHAKRABORTY AND S. SHAMSHATH BEGUM

Page: 91-107

Abstract: In search of improved materials for efficient shock and vibration mounts for machineries, graphite loaded NBR and NBR/PVC blend were made and investigated. The scorch time was seen to be reduced and vulcanization rate was enhanced due to graphite inclusion. Scanning electron microscopy images have shown homogenous dispersion of graphite powder. NBRgraphite showed a gradual increase in the hardness, tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and tear values with increasing graphite loading. In the case of NBR/PVC-graphite composition, a drop in the tensile strength and increase in the Young’ modulus and tear strength was observed. Various mathematical models were used to investigate hardness-Young’s modulus relationship and correlation of the modulus with aspect ratio and volume fraction of graphite established. Different equations were also used to predict effect of graphite particle shape factor and hardness of the vulcanised composition on compressive modulus and compared with measured Young’s modulus.

DOI DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.1-2.7

Performance Enhancement of Bio-fouling Resistant Cellulose triacetate-based Osmosis Membranes using Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube & Graphene Oxide by A.K. GHOSH, RUTUJA S. BHOJE, AND R.C. BINDAL

Page: 109-120

Abstract: In this study, cellulose triacetate (CTA) based nanocomposite membranes were developed by incorporation of carboxylic acid functionalized multiwalled carbon-nanotube (cMWCNT) and graphene oxide (GO) which have enhancement of both flux and fouling resistance properties of the membranes. Membranes were casted at room temperature and annealed at 90oC hot water for 10 minutes. The incorporation level of both the nanomaterials is 1.5% of the CTA polymer weight in the nanocomposite membranes. Prepared membranes were characterized in terms of water contact angle, surface morphology and mechanical strength. The performance of the membranes was evaluated both in reverse osmosis (RO) and forward osmosis (FO) mode. The water flux is observed to increase by ~43% in CTA-cMWCNT and ~69% in CTA-GO membranes than the pure CTA membranes in RO mode (2000ppm NaCl feed at 1551kPa applied pressure) but it is ~41% and ~86% in FO mode (DI water as feed & 1.0 molar NaCl as draw solution) for CTA-cMWCNT and CTA-GO membranes respectively. Nanocomposite membranes containing functionalized CNT & GO were found more biofouling resistant property. The flux recovery is ~62% in pure CTA membrane, whereas it is ~73% for CTA-cMWCNT and ~82% for CTA-GO membranes.

DOI DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2020.37.1-2.8

Volume 36 (2019)

Volume 36 (2019) Issue 4 , (October-2019 to December-2019)

October-December

Synthesis of Poly methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl Ammonium chloride and their anti bacterial activity by GENG SU, YAJIE JIANG, HONG BIN JU, YAKUI WANG AND TAO GENG

Page: 293-304

Abstract: Two kinds of poly quaternary ammonium salts (PQAS) namely PDMC (poly (methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride)), CPAM (methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride /acrylamide copolymer) were prepared. The chemical structures of the PQAS were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrum, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The antibacterial activity of PQAS against three kinds of bacteria and one kind of fungus, was evaluated by the method described in QB/T 2738-2012. Antibacterial tests showed that the antibacterial activity increased with the increase of cationicity and molecular weight on PQAS. It shows the antimicrobial activity for different bacteria strain follow this order: Escherichia coli (E. coli) > Staphylococcus aureus (S. A.) > Shigella > Monilia albican (M. A.).

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.04.1

Development and Characterization of Graphite Flouride Dry Lubrication System by Using GAMMA Radiation by SACHIN SINGH, MUKTITYAGI, AJAY KUMAR TYAGI, P.K. KAICKER AND LALITVARSHNEY

Page: 305-321

Abstract: Graphite is the most suitable material as dry lubricant. However, its application as a lubricant is limited with necessity of moisture vapors. Alternatively, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has an excellent lubrication property but does not have mechanical characteristics. The effect of gamma radiation doses on the lubrication behavior of graphite –PTFE (Inoflon A-408) system has been studied using (TR-TW-30L) tribotester with thrust washer attachment. Different compositions of graphite and PTFE were prepared and irradiated by gamma rays. Improved tribological properties of graphite –PTFE system showed by decrease in coefficient of friction and wear. SEM-EDX, XRD and contact angle analysis confirm fluorination of graphite by gamma radiation exposure leading to the development of novel dry lubrication system.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.04.2

Performance Evaluation of Nucleating Agents in Polypropylene Homopolymer by RAVI KUMAR, VISHWAPRATAP SINGH, MADHUKARPRAJAPATI, PRIYANKA SINGH, SATYAJIT SAMANTA AND SAIKAT BANERJEE

Page: 323-335

Abstract: Types of nucleating agents and their dosage level play an important role on the crystallinity of the polymer which controls the final properties like optical clarity, stiffness and reduced cycle time during molding. In this study, the efficiency of two different types of commercially available nucleating agents, phosphate ester and dicarboxylic acid based, have been studied. Both the nucleating agents were compounded with molding grade polypropylene homopolymer having melt flow index (MFI) of 12 g/10min at 2.16 Kg and 230°C, in a co-rotating twin screw extruder at two different dosage level, i.e. 300 ppm and 600 ppm. The effectiveness of the nucleating agents was evaluated from several parameters like stiffness, crystallization behavior in terms of crystallization onset, % crystallinity and isotropic shrinkage. A crystallization kinetic study was also carried out at four different cooling rates. Addition of nucleating agent at 300 ppm dosage level showed an increase in flexural modulus of neat polypropylene by around 14%. Dicarboxylic acid based nucleating agent showed better isotropic shrinkage behavior as compared to phosphate ester based nucleating agent at both 300 ppm as well as 600 ppm dosage level. The efficiency of this type of nucleating agent was further supported by comparatively lower activation energy as evaluated from crystallization kinetics study.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.04.3

Effect of Synthesis Parameters on Phosphoric acid doped Polybenzimidazole Membranes: A Parametric Evaluation from Microstructural level to Fuel Cell Performance by CADLA GUL GULDIKEN, LEVENT AKYALÇIN AND HASAN FERDI GERÇEL

Page: 337-349

Abstract: In the present study, polybenzimidazole (PBI) polymer which has a great importance in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) research was synthesized via the solution polycondensation method, under various synthesis conditions to put forward the effect of the synthesis parameters on the properties of the synthesized polymer and consequently to the quality of the prepared polymer electrolyte membrane. The synthesized polymers were characterized in terms of their chemical structure, thermal degradation behaviour, and molecular weight by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Mechanical properties, acid-doping level capacity, proton conductivity, and fuel cell performances of the produced phosphoric acid doped PBI were investigated. The Thermogravimetric analyses showed that the synthesized polymers have an excellent thermal stability up to 580oC. Mechanical analyses revealed that the mechanical strength of the PBI membranes increases with increasing molecular weight of the polymer and reaches the maximum value of 17.65 MPa. The maximum power density was observed to be 48.6 mW/cm2 of the fuel cell test at 120oC.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.04.4

An Experimental Study and Analysis of Different Dielectrics in Electrical Discharge Machining of AI 6063 Alloy by B. MOULIPRASANTH AND P. HARIHARAN

Page: 351-369

Abstract: Electrical discharge machining is a non-traditional machining processes in which it is based upon thermal and electrical energy source as an interval energy pulse discharge in-between the work piece and tool electrode so as to remove the material. A systematical investigation of melting and vaporising of aluminium to find the output responses such as Material removal rate (MRR), Electrode wear rate (Ra ), and Surface finish (EWR) in EDM using two different dielectrics was conducted as experimental work. The working fluids are Polyethylene glycol (PEG 600) and kerosene. It is the hour of need to get the maximum MRR and surface finish with minimum EWR for any material. The paper focuses on the effect of polymer based dielectric machining the aluminium alloy EDM. The dielectrics enact a great role in production and its influence on environmental aspects should also be considered. These dielectric fluids are used in machining an aluminium alloy 6063 using copper electrode and they are compared for their MRR, EWR, and Ra. Taguchi method is used for analysing the results of two different dielectrics that carried with the help of Minitab software.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.04.5

Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Epoxy Methacrylate of (2E, 6E)-2,6-Bis(4-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone by DHARMESH B. SANKHAVARA, JALPA V. CHOPDA, JIGNESH P. PATEL AND PARSOTAM H. PARSANIA

Page: 371-379

Abstract: The epoxy methacrylate of (2E,6E)-2, 6-bis(4-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone (EBHBCMA) was synthesized by condensing 0.02 equi. EBHBC, 0.04 equi. methacrylic acid, 50 mL THF as a solvent and 0.2 mL triethylamine as a catalyst at reflux temperature for 1-5 h to get acid value < 10. EBHBCMA showed good solubility in common solvents. The structure of EBHBCMA was supported by UV-Vis., FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. DSC thermogram of EBHBCMA exhibited two endothermic peaks (86.4 and 117.1 °C) and one exothermic peak (142.6°C) due to moisture release, melting and curing of the resin, respectively. EBHBCMA is thermally stable up to about 316 °C and followed single step degradation reaction. EBHBCMA followed apparently second order (1.7) degradation kinetics with 277.69 kJ mol -1 energy of activation, 5.93 × 1018 s -1 frequency factor and entropy change of 107.4 JK-1mol -1.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.04.6

Study on flame-retardant mechanism of epoxy resin containing Polyvinylphenylsilsesquioxane by JIANGBO WANG

Page: 381-389

Abstract: In this study, a novel flame retardant polyvinylphenylsilsesquioxane (PVP) was added into epoxy resin (EP) to prepare EP/PVP (FREP) composites. The results of cone calorimeter measurement showed that in comparison with virgin EP, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of FREP were reduced by 27.3% and 10.4%, respectively. Moreover, the thermal degradation behavior of FREP was studied by the Kissinger and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall methods. The results suggested that the addition of PVP greatly enhanced the thermal stability of EP in the final stage, which could be attributed to that the branched silicone with vinyl and phenyl accelerated the formation of an insulating carbon layer and improved the flame retardancy of EP composites, because the char layer played an important role for the flame-retardant behavior of polymer system.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.04.7

Synthesis and Characterization of Epoxy methacrylate of (2E, 6E)-Bis(4- Hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylcyclohexanone by JALPA V. CHOPDA, DHARMESH B. SANKHAVARA, JIGNESH P. PATEL AND P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 391-399

Abstract: The epoxymethcrylate resin (EMBHBCMA) of (2E, 6E)-bis(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4- methylcyclohexanone(EMBHBC) was synthesized by condensing EMBHBC and methacrylic acid (1:2 mole ratio) by using 1,4-dioxane as a solvent and triethylamine as a catalyst at reflux temperature for 1-5 h to get acid value < 10. The structure of EMBHBCMA was supported by UV-Vis, FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectroscopic techniques. Molecular weights and molecular weight distribution of EMBHBCMA were determined by gel permeation chromatography. EMBHBCMA is thermally stable up to about 300°C and followed two step degradation reactions. Kinetic parameters such as n, Ea, A and ΔS* were determined according to Anderson-Freeman method and discussed.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.04.8

Volume 36 (2019) Issue 3 , (July-2019 to September-2019)

Jul-Sep

Novel Sugar Based Acrylate: Synthesis, Characterization and Polymerization (TURKEY)
by MERYEM KORUYUCU, FEHMi SALTAN, GOKHAN KOK, HAKAN AKAT AND YESIM SALMAN

Page: 207-216

Abstract: The present study has demonstrated that novel acrylic glycopolymers are successfully prepared by using monosaccharides containing an acrylate group (9-12). For this purpose, sugar based acrylate monomers were synthesized via ring opening method (Method B) and homopolymerization of this sugar oxypropylacrylates was performed using free radical polymerization. The characterization of all the monomers and polymers were verified by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, FTIR and GPC techniques. The Glass transition temperatures and thermal characteristics of the polymers were also analyzed by using DSC and TG techniques. The thermal stability of prepared polymers have changed with the stereochemistry of the carbohydrate moiety. Also, the molecular weight of the polymers has affected the thermal stability.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.03.1

Chitosan Modification by New Chromophore 4-(3-(4-nitrophenyl) thioureido) benzoic acid: Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation (INDIA) by KAZIM SHAMIM RIZVI AND P. K. DUTTA

Page: 217-228

Abstract: In this investigation we have shown the preparation of carboxylic acid containing new chromophore : 4-(3-(4-nitrophenyl) thioureido) benzoic acid and its use.The chemical modification of chitosan, e.g., chitosan- acid salt complexes is done under mild conditions. The synthesis of chromophore was carried out by conventional methods and the novel polymer complex was soluble in most of the organic solvents. The modified chitosan was analyzed by various techniques like optical properties by UV and SHG spectroscopy which showed red shift. The antibacterial activity showed obvious effect against food pathogenic bacteria.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.03.2

CuBr2/Me6TREN Mediated ARGET ATRP of Methyl acrylate in Polyethylene Glycol (CHINA)
by XIANRONG SHEN, DENGZHOU XIA, YIXIN XIANG AND JIANGANG GAO

Page: 229-241

Abstract: ARGET ATRP of methyl acrylate (MA) with low concentration of air stable-CuBr2 catalyst was successfully carried out in green solvent polyethylene glycol (PEG) without any external reducing agent.The polymerizations of MA proceeded in a well-controlled manner as evidenced by kinetic studies, chain extension results, a linear increase of the molecular weights with the increasing of monomer conversion. and narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn=1.1). Interestingly, we found that the PEG has the reduction ability to CuBr2 and could play as supplement reducing agent cooperation with Me6TREN to mediate ARGET ATRP. Reduction of Cu(II)Br2 to Cu(I)Br by different molecular weight PEG was proved by UV–visible spectroscopy. A.Q.-PEG with different molecular weight have strong effects on polymerization rate and the polymerization can be operated at suitable conditions where the use of catalyst concentration can decrease to 25 ppm level.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.03.3

VOC Sensing Studies on Electrically Conductive Polyaniline@MoS2 Nanocomposites (INDIA and JEDDAH, KSA) by RUBY AHMED, MOHAMMAD OMAISH ANSARI, FARMAN ALI AND SHAHID PERVEZ ANSARI

Page: 243-251

Abstract: Polyaniline (PANI) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) were used to prepare nanocomposites by in-situ oxidative polymerization of acidified aniline in presence of dispersed MoS2 in the reaction mixture. Electron Microscopy (SEM & TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize these nanocomposites. SEM micrographs showed that PANI is present on the layers of MoS2 which were exfoliated during the preparation and the presence of MoS2 is also confirmed by XRD peaks. The nanocomposites were studied for their electrical conductivity and stability of electrical conductivity in terms of d.c. electrical conductivity retention. Further, the nanocomposites were also studied for their sensing behaviour towards alcohol, ketone, aldehyde in ambient condition. These nanocomposites were found to be semiconducting, stable upto 100°C and exhibited good sensitivity towards above mentioned group of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.03.4

Fabrication of Microspherical Catalyst with Hierarchical Porous Structure from Functional Monomers via Low-Temperature Phase-Separation Photopolymerization (CHINA) by KEMIN WANG AND LIFEI HE

Page: 253-260

Abstract: This study proposes a simple approach for the fabrication of microspherical catalysts with a hierarchical porous structure. The cross-linked porous microspheres with catalytic ability were prepared directly from small-molecular monomers via low-temperature phase-separation photopolymerization of water/oil suspension. The morphology, pore size, chemical structure, and thermal stability of the obtained porous microspheres were characterized by SEM, Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry, FTIR, and TGA. The porous microspheres directly served as an acid catalyst for the condensation reaction of benzaldehyde and ethylene glycol, which exhibited superior catalytic activity and recyclability. The results indicated that such porous microspheres have great potential in the application of acid catalysis.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.03.5

Mechanical and Biological Properties of Chitosan Nanocomposite Films: Effects of POSS nanoparticles (INDIA) by R. VENKATESAN, S. R. DARSON IMMANUEL JOHN AND N. RAJESWARI

Page: 261-273

Abstract: Nanocomposite films of chitosan (CH) incorporated with different wt. % of the polyoligomericsilsesquioxane (POSS) were prepared by solution casting. The thermal, mechanical, morphological and antimicrobial properties of the nanocomposites were examined. TGA analyses of the nanocomposites indicate that the filler enables the enhancement of thermal stability of chitosan. The tensile strength of the nanocomposite films is enhanced (10.9 MPa for neat chitosan to 24.0MPa for 5wt. % filled chitosan) by the addition of POSS while the elongation at break is reduced. The nanocomposite films exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. This activity increases with increasing filler content. Chitosan as well as POSS (the organic part) are biodegradable and hence these nanocomposite films can find application as food packaging material given their flexibility.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.03.6

Synthesis of Functional Photoactive Polysilane Copolymers with Disperse Yellow 7 Methacrylate and Study of their Optical, Photophysical and Thermal Properties (INDIA) by KM. MEENU, DIBYENDU S. BAG AND REKHA LAGARKHA

Page: 275-292

Abstract: Functional photoactive polysilane copolymers of poly(methylphenylsilane) (PMPS) and disperse yellow 7 methacrylate (DY7MA) were synthesized using UV-technique. In the same manner functional polysilane copolymers of poly(methylphenylsilane-co-dimethylsilane) (CPS) and disperse yellow 7 methacrylate (DY7MA) were also synthesized. By the UV irradiation polysilanes (PMPS and CPS) give rise to silyl macroradicals which initiate the polymerization of photoactive monomer (DY7MA). The synthesized samples were characterized by FTIR, NMR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The molar mass of synthesized photoactive functional polysilane copolymers is of order of 103gm/mol. They exhibited multimodal optical and photoluminescence functional properties. Optical absorbance was observed at 336 nm due to σ-σ* transition of σ-conjugation of Si-Si main chain.The other absorbance at 276 nm is due to π-π* transition of aromatic ring associated with polysilanes and DY7MA polymeric unit.The electronic absorption was observed at 367 nm for π-π* and n-π* transition of azobenzene chromophores of DY7MA. The photoemission spectra are observed at λ em = 405, 428 and 454 nm for the excitation energy of 332 and 370 nm. Such functional polysilane copolymers exhibited two glass transition temperatures indicating the formation of block copolymers. The synthesized functional polysilane copolymers are thermally stable upto 300ºC. Such functional photoactive block copolymers may find novel optoelectronic applications.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.03.7

Volume 36 (2019) Issue 2 , (April-2019 to June-2019)

April-June

Covalent Immobilization of Lipase on Novel Nanofibrous Membrane for Catalysis of the Organic Synthesis (CHINA) by Yinchun Fang, Xinhua Liu, Xu Yang and Cuie Wang

Page: 111-119

Abstract: Enzymes are green biocatalysts which have been widely used in many fields. Immobilization enzymes on nanofibrous membrane possessed easy recycling and high stability which would broaden their applications. Covalent immobilization of lipase could endow them higher stability than other protocols. In this study, a novel nanofibrous membrane containing epoxy groups and hydrophilic polyethylene oxide branch was used as a support for lipase immobilization. The immobilized lipase was used as the biocatalyst to catalyse Rap. stroermer reaction. The results showed that it obtained the high product yield of 88% when the volume ratio of methanol and water was 4:1, the dosage of immobilized lipase was 40~50 mg, the reaction temperature and time were 30~35 °C and 10 h.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.02.1

Effect of Feed Composition in Gas-phase Polymerization on Structure and Properties of In situ Impact Polypropylene Copolymer (CHINA) by Xiaoyan Liu, Xu Chen, Hongxing Zhang, Changjun Zhang, Shiyuan Yang and Guangquan Li

Page: 121-132

Abstract: In this work, three in situ impact polypropylene copolymer(IPC) samples were prepared through Ziegler-Natta catalyst only changing the feed composition (ethylene to ethylene and propylene molar ratio, C2/C2+C3) in gas-phase polymerization reactor. Polymer (IPC) were characterical by solvent classification, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), successive self-nucleation and annealing (SSA), nuclear magnetic resonance(13C-NMR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The mechanical properties of IPC samples were tested. The results indicate that with similar ethylene content, the feed composition which determines the content and structure of EPR and EbP component in IPC, further impacts the rubber phase size and distribution in IPC, plays an key role in determining the impact toughness of IPC.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.02.2

Copolymerization of 5-[4-(methacryloylamino)phenyl]-l0, 15, 20- triphenylporphyrin with Styrene: Investigation of Spectroscopic, Structural and Thermal Properties (TURKEY) by Fehmi Saltan, Aylin Palamutlu & Hakan Akat

Page: 133-147

Abstract: In this work, tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) compound was first synthesized by the condensation reaction of pyrrole and benzaldehyde using Adler method. Then, the synthesized tetraphenylporphyrin was nitrated with sodium nitrite. Nitro-functionalized porphyrin (TPP-NO2) compound was reduced to amine-functional using ammonia and this amine- functionalized porphyrin was reacted with methacryloyl chloride to obtain porphyrin-derived radical monomer (TPP-MAO). Copolymer was synthesized with obtained porphyrin functional monomer and styrene by free radical polymerization method. Structural characterization and spectroscopic studies of the synthesized compounds were carried out by FTIR, H1-NMR, UV spectroscopy. The molecular weight and thermal properties of the copolymer were determined using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermogravimetry (TG). Tetraphenyl porphyrin containing polymer shows good photoluminescence property.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.02.3

Robust Color Fastness of Dyed Silk Fibroin Film by Coupling Modification Dyeing with Aniline Diazonium Salt (CHINA)
by Zongqian Wang, Haiwei Yang, Jian Xing and Zhi Liu

Page: 149-159

Abstract: Colored silk fibroin (SF) film can change the proportion of transmitted light composition and therefore shows potential application in optoelectronics area. However, few methods are reported for the preparation of colored SF film with good color fastness. Herein, colored SF film was prepared by coupling modification dyeing (CM-dyeing) of SF tyrosine residues in solution. SF film shows excellent color fastness due to the formation of the azo covalent bond formed by electrophilic substitution reaction between SF tyrosine residues and aniline diazonium salt. Furthermore, compared with the undyed film, the dyed SF film is effectively preserved its mechanical property by the mild dyeing conditions (up to 99.02 % on average). Therefore, this facile method presents an alternative approach to construct colored SF film with outstanding performance and benefits its relevant applications.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.02.4

Functionalized 2-(hydroxyethyl) methacrylate (HEMA)-co-acrylamide (AAm) hydrogels: Kinetic and Isotherm Modelling Analysis on the Removal of Cu(II) Ions (TURKEY) by Ayca Bal Ozturk, Zehra Ozbas, Bengi Ozkahraman and Serkan Emik

Page: 161-173

Abstract: A functionalized hydrogel composed of 2-(hydroxyethyl) methacrylate (HEMA) and acrylamide (AAm) was synthesized by amination and saponification reactions, respectively, and its functionality was examined for the elimination of copper(II) ions. The maximum adsorption capacity for copper(II) ions was 0.617 mmol g–1 before saponification, whereas it was 1.2225 mmol g–1 after saponification. The adsorption data was analyzed with pseudo-first-order (r2=0.8867), intra-particle diffusion (r2=0.9453), Elovich (r2=0.9489) and pseudo-secondorder( r2=0.9999) kinetic models. Based on the adsorption equilibrium experimental data Freundlich(r2=0.9964), Langmuir(r2=0.998) and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) (r2=0.9960) adsorption isotherms provided good fits for all of experimental results. Finally, the datas of kinetic experiments obtained in this study showed the applicability of the functionalized gel for Copper(II) ion removal.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.02.5

Recent Advancement in Comb-like Polymers: A Review (INDIA) by Amrita Sharma & P. P. Pande

Page: 175-194

Abstract: Comb-like polymers’ are a special class of polymers. These are consisting of two types of chains, first one is the backbone chain and second is long side chains. The structure of such a polymer is very similar to hair comb. Usually, every monomer unit in the backbone has a long n-alkyl side chain. Comb like polymers have an intrinsic ability towards forming ordered structure. Now-a-days, these polymers find wide range of applications because of their excellent physicochemical properties. Some applications are in preparation of polysoaps (polymeric disinfectants), as dispersing agent for ink and paints, textile industry, in surface modification of various materials, in making glass adherent film, absorber, etc. Herein, in this paper we present a review of comblike polymers and their structure-properties and applications. The recent developments of comblike polymers especially on nanostructured comb-like polymers are also discussed.

DOI : 7ttps://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.02.6

Influence of Poly (vinyl butyral) Modification on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Kevlar Fibe Reinforced Novolac poxy/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites (INDIA) by Kavita and R.K. Tiwari

Page: 195-205

Abstract: The effect of poly (vinyl butyral) and acid functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNT) on the thermal and mechanical performance of Kevlar fiber reinforced novolac epoxy nanocomposites was investigated and presented in this paper. Nanocomposite containing 1.5 wt. % poly (vinyl butyral) and 0.5 wt. % f-MWCNT exhibited best thermal and mechanical properties (except flexural strength) among all the nanocomposites reported here. It showed ~5%, 27% and 126 % improvement in tensile strength, young’s modulus and impact strength respectively as compared to the neat novolac epoxy Kevlar composite.Nanocomposite containing 0.5 wt. % f- MWCNT and 2 wt. % poly (vinyl butyral) showed best flexural strength and modulus among all the nanocomposites with increment of about 91% and 56 %.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.02.7

Volume 36 (2019) Issue 1 , (January-2019 to March-2019)

January-March

Improved Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Reinforced Aluminium Laminates in Atmospheric Environment: Role of Environment Friendly Jute fibre/ Alumina nano Coating (INDIA) by M. VASUMATHI, VELA MURALI, S. RASHIA BEGUM AND N. RAJENDRAN

Page: 1-11

Abstract: In the Fibre Metal Laminate (FML), Carbon Reinforced Aluminium laminate (CARALL), aluminium is placed next to carbon fibres. The potential difference between the aluminium and carbon is larger, leads to galvanic corrosion, which tries to bring down the durability of the FML. To bring down the effect of corrosion, a material layer is introduced between fibres and aluminium so as to separate them thus lowering the possibility of occurrence of corrosion. Another approach is to coat the surfaces of aluminium with different proportions of aluminium oxide nano particles prior to fabrication of the FML. For both the cases, corrosion rates and polarization resistances are determined and compared. In addition, the surface morphological studies were carried out using SEM to reveal the intensity of corrosion. The electrochemical results revealed that the jute reinforced CAJRAL FML and CARAL FML coated with 10% alumina has better corrosion resistance compared to other FMLs..

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.1

Synthesis and Physico-chemical Studies on Chalcone Based Epoxy Resin of (2E, 6E)-Bis(4-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone (INDIA) by DHARMESH B. SANKHAVARA, JALPA CHOPDA, JIGNESH P. PATEL AND P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 13-21

Abstract: Chalcone based epoxy resin (EBHBC) of (2E, 6E)- bis(4-hydroxybenzylidene) cyclohexanone (BHBC) was synthesized by condensing 0.5 mol BHBC and 2.5 mol epichlorohydrin in 500 mL isopropanol as a solvent and 1.0 mol NaOH in 50 mL water as a catalyst at 80oC. The structure of EBHBC is supported by spectral techniques. Molecular weights and molecular weight distribution of EBHBC were determined by gel permeation chromatography. DSC thermogram of EBHC showed one endothermic transition (146.1°C) and two endothermic transitions (253.52°C and 397.34°C) due to melting, some physical change and decomposition transitions, respectively. EBHBC is thermally stable up to about 300oC and followed two step degradation reactions. First step involved 21.2% weight loss over 300-390oC with temperature of maximum weight loss at 382°C. Similarly second step involved 39% weight loss over 390- 555°C with temperature of maximum weight loss at 418°C.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.2

Microwave–Induced Thermo-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane/MWCNTs Composites and
Improved their Shape Memory and Mechanical Properties by KRISHAN KUMAR PATEL AND RAJESH PUROHIT

Page: 23-37

Abstract: Microwave (MV)-induced thermo-responsive shape memory thermoplastic polyurethane (SMTPU)/ MWCNT composites were prepared in micro-compounder. Composites containing different amount of multiwall Carbon nanotube (MWCNT) varying from 0 to 1.5 phr in SMTPU matrix were prepared. Maximum stretching strength, recovery force and tensile strength for 1.5 CNTPU (1.5 phr MWCNT in SMTPU matrix) was increased by 120%, 100% and 24% respectively as compared to SMTPU. MV-induced shape memory is a novel approach for fast, clean and remote heating during operation. MWCNT is strong absorber of microwave irradiation so that SMTPU/ MWCNTs nanocomposites successfully triggered by microwave.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.3

A Study on the Effect of Reaction Parameters on Viscosity and Molecular Weight of Hexafluoropropylene (HFP) Based Perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) (INDIA)
by SAURABH SAXENA, PRATEEK MALIK, GEETHA SESHADRI, AJAY K. TYAGI AND UTTAM KUMAR MANDAL

Page: 39-51

Abstract: Medium molecular weight liquid perfluoropolyethers (840 u to 1372 u) were synthesized by photopolymerization of hexafluoropropylene (HFP) in the presence of oxygen. Effects of various reaction parameters such as temperature, pressure, UV wattage and reaction time on yield, viscosity and molecular weight of PFPEs were studied. Out of all the parameters, the effect of reaction temperature was found the most significant on molecular weight of PFPEs. By increasing reaction temperature, viscosity and molecular weight of PFPEs where decreased. By increasing the wattage of the lamp, viscosity and molecular weight of PFPEs where also decreased. PFPEs obtained from reactions were subjected to FTIR and 19F-NMR analysis for structural confirmation.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.4

Development of Functional Adsorbent from Natural Biosorbent “Chitosan” by Radiation Induced Grafting of MAETC for the Removal of Arsenic (V) (INDIA) by VIJAYASRI. K, ALKA TIWARI AND C.V. CHAUDHARI

Page: 53-73

Abstract: High energy gamma radiation has been used to graft [2-(methacryloyloxyethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (MAETC) onto chitosan by radiation grafting method. Grafting yield was found to increase with the increase in radiation dose and monomer concentration. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the grafted polymer and their morphological structure was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). As(V) ions uptake capacity of the adsorbent was evaluated in different pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose, and different arsenate ion concentration. The adsorption data was fitted well in the Langmuir model and various static parameters were calculated. It is stated that this chitosan-g-MAETC could be regenerated efficiently (>90 %) and used repeatedly.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.5

Synthesis and Characterization of New Chromophore 4-2-(2-hydroxy-5-(4- nitrophenyl)diazenyl)benzylidene)hydrazinyl) Benzoic Acid and its use in Chitosan Modification (INDIA) by KAZIM SHAMIM RIZVI AND P.K. DUTTA

Page: 75-85

Abstract: The present investigation deals with the preparation of carboxylic acid containing new chromophore : 4-2-(2-hydroxy-5-(4-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) benzylidene) hydrazinyl) benzoic acid and its use for chemical modification of chitosan, e.g., chitosan-acid salt complexes under mild conditions. Optical properties of chitosan acid complexes were evaluated by UV and SHG spectroscopy which showed red shift. Antibacterial activity of prepared chitosan acid complexes showed obvious effect against food pathogenic bacteria. The novel polymer complex was soluble in most of the organic solvents.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.6

Renewable Bis-benzoxazine Monomers from Lignin Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization and Studies on Curing Behavior (CHINA) by CHUNYAN LIU, YUNHE LIU, ZIHAN PAN, QIUTING LI, HAN XU AND TAO LIU

Page: 87-99

Abstract: In this work, a series of novel lignin-based bis-benzoxazine monomers were efficiently synthesized by the reaction of renewable phenols: guaiacol, vanillyl alcohol, eugenol, vanillin with ethylene diamine and paraformaldehyde. The chemical structures of these lignin-based bis-benzoxazine monomers were confirmed by 1H-NMR,13C-NMR and FTIR, indicating the formation of benzoxazine ring. The obtained bis-benzoxazine monomers were cured via thermal treatment. The curing behavior of these lignin-based bis-benzoxazine monomers were compared and analyzed via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), showing that Va-e possessed higher ring-opening polymerization activity than G-e, while E-e and V-e had lower curing activity than G-e.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.7

Synthesis and Characterization of Epoxy Resin of (2E, 6E)-Bis(4- hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylcyclohexanone (INDIA) by JALPA V. CHOPDA, DHARMESH B. SANKHAVARA, JIGNESH P. PATEL AND P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 101-109

Abstract: The epoxy resin (EMBHBC) of (2E,6E)-bis (4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methyl cyclohexanone (MBHBC) was synthesized by condensing 0.5 mol MBHBC and 2.5 mol epichlorohydrin in 500 mL isopropyl alcohol as a solvent and 1.0 mol NaOH in 50 mL water as a catalyst at 80°C for 3 h. The structure of EMBHBC was supported by UV-Vis, FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectroscopic techniques. Molecular weights and molecular weight distribution of EMBHBC were determined by gel permeation chromatography. DSC thermogram of EMBHC showed one endothermic transition (95.9°C) and two exothermic transitions (317.7°C and 382.2°C) due to melting and decomposition transitions, respectively. EMBHBC is thermally stable up to about 293°C and followed two step degradation reactions.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.8

Volume 35 (2018)

Volume 35 (2018) Issue 4 , (October-2018 to December-2018)

October - December

Synthesis, Characterization, and Micellization Behavior of Poly(L-lactide) and Poly(ethylene glycol) Block Copolymers in the presence of a Novel Organocatalyst
by YAN WANG, JIN-HUA WANG, JUN-HUA BAI AND LI-FANG ZHANG

Page: 393-408

Abstract: Biodegradable poly(L-lactide)-poly(ethyleneglycol)-poly(L-lactide) (PLLA-b-PEG-b-PLLA) triblock copolymers and 4-arm star-shaped poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-lactide) (4-arm star-shaped PEGb- PLLA) block copolymers were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide (LLA) in the presence of hydroxyl-terminated α, ω-dihydroxy PEG2000 (PEG2000) and 4-arm PEG as a macroinitiator and 2, 3, 6, 7-tetrahydro-5H-thiazolo [3, 2-a] pyrimidine (ITU) as an organic catalyst. The resultant copolymers were analyzed using various techniques including 1H NMR, FTIR, GPC and DSC. The micellar aggregates were formed from the amphiphilic block copolymers. The relationship between the architecture of block copolymers and their micellization properties, such as critical micelle concentration (CMC) and size of micelles, was investigated. The CMC and micelle size were measured by the steady-state pyrene method and dynamic light scattering, and the results indicated that the formation of micelles became easier for 4-arm star-shaped PEG-b-PLLA copolymer as compared with PLLA-b-PEG-b-PLLA copolymer. The TEM micrographs confirmed the PLLA-core/PEG-shell structure of the micelles.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.04.1

A Novel SPEEK-PVA-TiO Proton Conducting Composite Membrane for PEMFC Operations at Elevated Temperature by RABIRANJAN MURMU AND HAREKRUSHNA SUTAR

Page: 409-431

Abstract: A Novel Sulfonated Polyether etherketone (SPEEK) - Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) -Titanium dioxide (TiO2) composite membrane is prepared for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) by solution casting method. In order to enhance the mechanical, thermal and hydrolytic stability of the SPEEK/PVA film; different compositions of TiO2 particles are dispersed as filler. Membrane uniformity is confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Composite membrane is characterized by FTIR, XRD, water uptake, Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC), DSC, TGA and Proton conductivity. Prepared composite membrane shows better water uptake capacity with lowering IEC. TiO2 has the significant effect on methanol permeability of the composite membrane. The prepared composite membrane provides good thermal, mechanical and hydrolytic stability at higher temperature (above 80°C) due to the strong intermolecular attraction between TiO2 and polymer backbone. At above 80°C, lightly cross linked SPEEK/ PVA/TiO2 composite provides superior proton conductivity than SPEEK membrane due to strong hydrogen bonding between TiO2 and water resulting reduction of water loss. Proton conductivity result shows linear improvement for SPEEK/PVA membrane by dispersing TiO2 and the data ranges in the order of 10-5 S/cm at 30°C to 10-1 S/cm at 110°C. But at lower temperature, SPEEK/PVA/TiO2 composite provide poor proton conductivity due to lower IEC and DS.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.04.2

Amination of a Natural Polymer, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) galactomannan:
Synthesis, Optimization and Characterization
by NEERAJ MITTAL AND GURPREET KAUR

Page: 433-448

Abstract: Currently, biomedical, food, and pharmaceutical industries are exploring biocompatible, biodegradable, and readily available polymers as an alternative to synthetic polymers. The naturally occurring galactomannans comprising of galactopyranosyl (Gal) and mannopyranosyl (Man) residues are an attractive alternative to synthetic polymers due to their wide availability, and easily maniputable physical, and chemical properties. In the present study, a natural polymer, Leucaenea leucocephala galactomannan (LLG) was extracted from the seeds of Leucaenea leucocephala by an aqueous method, derivatized by reductive amination process using ethylene diamine as aminating agent to form aminated LLG (AMLLG). The conditions for amination were optimized by varying the concentration of aminating agent, temperature of the reaction mixture and time of reaction and their effect on degree of substitution was determined. The derivatized galactomannan was characterized by FTIR, DSC, XRD, SEM and zeta potential analysis. The texture properties (firmness, consistency, and cohesiveness) and bioadhesive strength of AMLLG was also determined. Furthermore, the antimicrobial potential of AMLLG was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus suggesting better antibacterial activity of AMLLG than chitosan (standard). Overall, the study highlights that the amine derivative of LLG could be a promising candidate as preservative in food industry and as a drug delivery vehicle in pharmaceutical industry.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.04.3

Influence of Moisture on Shape Memory and Mechanical Properties of Microwave-induced Shape Memory Polyurethane (PU)/graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) Composite by KRISHAN KUMAR PATEL, RAJESH PUROHIT, S.A.R. HASHMI AND RITESH KUMAR GUPTA

Page: 449-462

Abstract: Microwave-induced shape memory polymer (Polyurethane)/Graphene nanoplatelets composite were prepared in micro-compounder. When samples exposed in moisture (immersed in water), the thermo-mechanical and shape memory properties such as Tensile strength, glass transition temperature, storage modulus, stretch and recovery strength were decreased. The surface morphology and dispersion of GNPs in PU matrix were characterized by using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). Further, we found that the PU specimen has no shape recovery during MV irradiations without moisture exposed sample. But moisture exposed PU sample shows shape recovery. With increasing water immersion time (Days) of the PU and 1 GPU samples the MV-induced shape recovery was increased. Because the absorbed water molecules in samples act as a dielectric note heating source for MV irradiations. So that its novel approach which may treat as a self-responsive shape memory polymer components when exposed long days in moisture.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.04.4

Fabrication of Fibre Metal Laminate with Flax and Sugar Palm Fibre based Epoxy Composite and Evaluation of their Fatigue Properties by M. CHANDRASEKAR, M.R. ISHAK, S.M. SAPUAN, Z. LEMAN, M. JAWAID AND R.M. SHAHROZE

Page: 463-473

Abstract: Fibre metal laminate (FML) with the carbon, flax and sugar palm fibres were prepared by hand layup and hot press technique. Their tensile and fatigue properties were studied. Results indicate that both the tensile properties and fatigue behaviour was dependent on the natural fibre type and their stacking sequence in the laminate. Flax based FML showed promising results with superior tensile properties and fatigue life. It also displayed fibre bridging mechanism, a phenomenon responsible for the higher fatigue life. Introducing flax in combination with sugar palm fibre resulted in slightly higher fatigue life than the sugar palm fibre based FML. FML with the sugar palm fibres showed the least fatigue life below 1000 cycles and did not exhibit fibre bridging effect. This behaviour indicates that sugar palm fibre may not be a suitable fibre for applications requiring fatigue resistance.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.04.5

Fabrication and Characterization of Polyoxometalate based Nano-hybrids: Evaluation of their role in Biological Activity by SHIVA ARUN, PRABHA BHARTIYA, AMREEN NAZ, SUDHEER RAI, S.S. NARVI AND P.K. DUTTA

Page: 475-484

Abstract: Polyoxometalates are a class of stable metal-oxide clusters with great molecular diversity having significant biological applications. Firstly, europium substituted polyoxometalate K4H[Eu(α -SiW11O39)-(H2O)2].17H2O (Eu-Si-POM) was synthesized and Eu-Si-POM was encapsulated into biocompatible chitosan (CS), through ionotropic gelation technique thus synthesizing a nano-hybrid (CS-Eu-Si-POM). CS-Eu-Si-POM retained the fluorescence property even after encapsulation. The nano-hybrid CS-Eu-Si-POM was characterized using FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra, fluorescence spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Eu-Si-POM was further characterized by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) technique. These characterization techniques reveal the successful encapsulation of Eu-Si-POM within CS matrix by electrostatic interaction between cationic CS and anionic Eu-Si-POM. CS-Eu-Si-POM was applied as a fluorescent probe in A549 cell lines fluorescence imaging. The antibacterial activity of (CS-Eu-Si-POM), CS and Eu-Si-POM have been tested against bacterial strains of B. subtilis gram (+) ve and P. aeruginosa gram (-) ve. The (CS-Eu-Si-POM) showed enhanced antibacterial activity as compared to bare POM and CS.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.04.6

Influence of Fiber Surface Energy on Mechanical Properties of Sisal Fiber - Bio Based Epoxy Composites by S. RAJKUMAR, R. JOSEPH BENSINGH, M. ABDUL KADER AND SANJAY K NAYAK

Page: 485-496

Abstract: The main objective of this study is to correlate the surface energy and mechanical properties of bio-based composites and also to establish the relationship between surface energy and composite performance. The surfaces of sisal fibers are treated by NaOH and isocyanate reagents to improve the surface properties. The surface energy of the untreated and treated fibers were estimated from contact angle measurements by using the theoretical approach. The adsorption between fibers and matrix was also examined. Modified fiber surface showed better adsorption performance as compared to untreated fiber and thus indicated good wetting behaviour of the treated fibers. Fibers with higher surface energy yielded higher tensile strength of composites. A qualitative agreement between the surface energy of the sisal fibers and mechanical strength of treated fibers was observed. Differential Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (DTG) was carried out to study the thermal stability of treated fibers. SEM studies support the results derived from the evaluation of mechanical properties by understanding the fiber/matrix adhesion.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.04.7

Preparation of Phytic Acid Modified Polyurethane Wet Spinning Fibers for Application in Pb2+ Adsorption by YINCHUN FANG, XINHUA LIU, XIAO WU AND XUCHEN TAO

Page: 497-506

Abstract: Polyurethane (PU) possesses excellent mechanical properties which has been used as the matrix for heavy metal ions removal. However, it has poor adsorption capacity due to there doesn’t exist chelating groups. In this study, phytic acid modified polyurethane (PU) fibers have been successfully prepared by wet spinning which was used for Pb2+ removal. The modified fibers achieved the highest adsorption capacity under the conditions of the mass ratio of phytic acid and PU was 5:7, the pH of Pb2+ solution was 6 and the adsorption temperature was 20 °C. The adsorption process of Pb2+ by phytic acid modified PU fibers belongs to monolayer adsorption. The saturated Pb2+ adsorption capacity of the modified PU fibers was over 7 times higher than the pure one’s. Phytic acid modified PU fibers could greatly improve the adsorption capacity of Pb2+ which could be used as the potential adsorbent for heavy metal ions removal.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.04.8

Volume 35 (2018) Issue 3 , (July-2018 to September-2018)

July-September

A Study on the Effects of Process Parameters on Swirl Marks of Microcellular Injection Molded PC Parts (CHINA) by MING ZHAI, BEN JIANG, HAIMEI LI, QIAN LI AND LIXIA WANG

Page: 257-264

Abstract: The effects of processing parameters on surface roughness of microcellular injection molded PC parts were investigated. Taguchi design of experiments (DOE) was performed with varying mold temperature, melt temperature, injection rate and supercritical fluid (SCF) concentration. It was found that mold temperature, injection rate and melt temperature appear to be the predominant molding parameters which affect the surface roughness. The results are helpful for designers to optimize the process conditions to achieve high quality microcellular PC part.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.1

Modification of Si/Mg Composite Supported Ziegler-Natta Ti-based Catalysts for Propylene Polymerization Using the Third Metal Elements (CHINA) by WEI ZHU, ZHOU TIAN, PINGKAI JIANG, AND BOPING LIU

Page: 265-279

Abstract: In this study, several (SiO2/MgO/ID/MClx/MgCl2)·TiClx Ziegler-Natta Catalysts are synthesized by a co-impregnation method to study a third metal (Zr, V, Fe, Mn, W) effect on catalytic performance in propylene polymerization. When the metal doping content is 10 wt% (compare to magnesium elements), the activity of W doped catalyst shows 60.0% higher. While the activity of Zr, V, Fe and Mn doped catalyst both decreased. Correlations of the catalyst activities with the iron radius and the electronegativity of the third metal elements are discussed. In the same doping content condition, metals have similar radius with Mg2+ have higher activity (Fe, Mn and W> V and Zr). The mechanism of Mn and W effects are discussed. The activity of 5 wt% and 3 wt% Mn doped catalyst is higher compared with the catalyst without doping. It means that the doping content also have an influence on the catalyst performance.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.2

Synthesis and Properties of Cross-linked Fluorine and Silicon VAc-VeoVa Polymer Latex Emulsified by Green Mixed Surfactant (CHINA) by LIJUN CHEN, TANTAN SHAO, YILU GONG, XIUMING WANG AND ZHIJUAN SUN

Page: 281-293

Abstract: Cross-linked vinyl acetate and vinyl versatate (VeoVa) polymer latex (VAc-VeoVa10) modified with fluorine and silicon was successfully synthesized via the semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization technology. The latex was emulsified by green surfactants of sodium alphaolefin sulfonate(α-AOS) and cashew phenol polyoxyethylene ethers(BCE-10) and initiated with potassium persulfate(KPS). The chemical structure of the latex was analyzed by fourier transformed infrared (FTIR). The glass transition temperature (Tg) was detected by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) measurement. The water resistance was determined by the water contact angle (WCA) measurement. The polymerization condition of preparing the latex was optimized. Results showed that the content of surfactant was 2.00Wt% and the mass ratio of α-AOS and BCE-10 was 2:1 and the mass ratio of main monomer was 3:1.The contents of fluorine monomer and the silicon monomer were 8.00 wt% and 1.00wt%, respectively. The amount of the cross-linked monomer was 1.00wt%. In comparison with the conventional latex, the hydrophobic performance of the cross-linked modified VAc-VeoVa copolymer latex was improved.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.3

Visible-light-driven Photocatalytic Properties of Electrospun Bismuth Tungstate/PAN Composite Nanofiber Membrane (CHINA) by XINHUA LIU, HONGZHANG LI, ZHI LIU, YINCHUN FANG AND CUIE WANG

Page: 295-304

Abstract: Bismuth Tungstate has been widely used in catalytic degradation of pollutants. However, the low specific surface area make it difficult to use. Herein, ismuth/tungstate/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber was prepared by electrospinning. After oxidation treatment, the bismuth tungstate/ PAN composite nanofiber membrane showed photo catalytic activity. The photocatalytic property of resulting membrane was evaluated by the photodegradation of methylene blue. The results showed that the photodegradation rate reached to 95.53% after 4.5h. The photodegradation rate of the membrane still preserved 83.88% after 8 times reuse, indicating its reusability. Thus, the visible-light-catalyst has potential application in sewage treatment.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.4

Chitosan Nano-composite containing Undecatungstosilicate via Cobalt Substitution: Characterization and Evaluation oftheir Biological Activity (INDIA) by SHIVA ARUN, YADVENDRA SINGH, AMREEN NAZ, PRABHA BHARTIYA, KSHAMA SRIVASTAVA, SHAHID SUHAIL NARVI AND PRADIP KUMAR DUTTA

Page: 305-316

Abstract: Encapsulation of polyoxometalates into chitosan have drawn tremendous attraction of researchers in biomedical science. Chitosan (CS) is widely studied for its significant biomedical applications. In this study we have synthesized a nano-composite by encapsulating a cobalt substituted lacunary undecatungstosilicate [CoSiW11O39(H2O)]6-, into biocompatible chitosan. The combination of polyoxometalate with chitosan is not merely physical mixture but indeed it is nano-composite formed by electrostatic interaction between anionic polyoxometalate and cationic chitosan. The resulting nano-complex, (CoSLPOM-CS) was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). FTIR and UV-Vis spectra analysis confirms the successful encapsulation of cobalt substituted lacunary polyoxometalate into chitosan. The antibacterial activity of CoSLPOM, chitosan and CoSLPOM-CS were tested against bacterial strains of B. subtilis gram (+) ve and P. aeruginosa gram (-) ve. The CoSLPOM-CS showed enhanced antibacterial activity as compared to bare CoSLPOM and chitosan. The nano-complex, CoSLPOM-CS was further investigated for drug delivery and it exhibited excellent drug loading efficiency.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.5

Development of PAN nano fibrous filter hybridized by SiO nanoparticles electret for high efficiency air filtration (INDIA) by N. GOBI, E. VIJAYALAKSHMI, BERLY ROBERT, AND N. R. SRINIVASAN

Page: 317-328

Abstract: Airborne dust particles has become an ever-increasing environmental concern and is also a threat to public health, leading the way in the development of fibrous materials with fascinating features like high filtration efficiency and low pressure drop. To enhance the filtration efficiency of fibrous material, particularly for submicron- sized particles, here we report a promising and versatile electret polyacrylonitrile-silicon dioxide (PAN- SiO2) fibrous membrane, considering the higher particle capture efficiency for an electret filter compared to a conventional fibrous filter. The chemical bond nonwoven and spun bond nonwoven substrates were used as support material to enhance the mechanical property and also the handling property of the as developed electrospun nanofibrous membrane. In this research work, SiO2 is identified as the potential mmaterial for developing electret filter due to its dipolar nature. The concentrations of SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were varied to achieve better filtration efficiency. The morphology of fibrous membrane, its air permeability, areal density and thickness properties were analyzed as per standard test methods. The filter fabrics were developed and its filtration performance andpressure drop were also characterized.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.6

Flame Retardancy and Thermal Degradation Behavior of Epoxy Resin Treated with a Phosphorus and Silicon-containing Compound (CHINA) by YI CHEN, WENQIN HE, SHIQI CHEN AND JIANGBO WANG

Page: 329-340

Abstract: In the present work, the flame retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of epoxy resin (EP) treated with a phosphorus and silicon-containing compound (DOPO-V) were investigated. Cone calorimetry measurement revealed that a significant reduction of peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of EP/DOPO-V (FREP) relative to the pure EP was achieved. Moreover, the Kissinger and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods were used to determine the activation energy for the degradation of pure EP and FREP composites. The kinetic results showed that the addition of DOPO-V decreased the activation energies of the first and middle stage in EP degradation and subsequently increased the activation energies in the final stage. It suggested that during the thermal degradation of FREP, the flame retardant DOPO-V induced the thermal degradation of EP matrix in a relatively lower temperature promotes the char formation. Then it restrained the thermal degradation in the final stage resulting improvement in the flame retardancy of EP composites.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.7

Preparation of Polyacrylonitrile Functionalized Melamine Resin and Investigation of its Metal ions Adsorption Behavior (IRAN) by MEHDI HOSSEINZADEH AND FARIDEH MAHMOODZADEH

Page: 341-353

Abstract: A novel functional resin, polyacrylonitrile-melamine (CPAN-M), was made through the nucleophilic addition reaction of cross-linked polyacrylonitrile (CPAN) with melamine. It was developed for the removal of Cu (II), Pb (II) and Zn (II) from aqueous solution. The sorption experiments were investigated by synthesized functional resin under different experimental conditions, such as temperature, initial concentration, pH and contact time. The results showed that the adsorption behavior of the resin for selected metal ions was found to be greater at higher pH values. The high adsorption rate (<20 min) was seen. The maximum adsorption capacity on CPAN-M was determined as123 mgg-1 for Cu (II). The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order equation, while the adsorption isotherms were well fitted for the Langmuir model. The desorption experiments by elution of the obtained resin with a hydrochloric acid (HCl) show that the CPANM could be reused. The prepared resin and its metal chelates were characterized by Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), gravimetry, UV- vis spectroscopy, and atomic absorption techniques (AAS).

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.8

High Efficient Synthesis of Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) based Polyurethane via Microwave Heating (CHINA) by YONG WEN, NA TENG, FEI LIU, RUOYU ZHANG, HAIFANG WANG, JING CHEN, JIN ZHU AND HAINING NA

Page: 355-369

Abstract: In this work, we establish a facile and efficient method to synthesize the polyurethanes (PUs) containing hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) through microwave-assisted reactions. Comparisons of conventional heat versus microwave reactions have been made. Microwaveassisted synthesis has been found to significantly decrease the reaction time and reduce side reaction of carbon-carbon bond relative to conventional heat. Moreover, we develop a more advanced molecular design for HTPB based PU ranging from content of hard segment to types of non-planer ring structures. The Characterization of the polymers has been conducted with FT-IR, TGA, thermal and mechanical analysis. Among them, single ring contained PU shows the highest properties. In this green and promising way, we can potentially expand the application areas for HTPB based PUs with high performances.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.9

Effect of Crosslinking on the Network Parameters, Swelling and Mechanical Properties of PVA-Borax and Poly (AM-co-HEMA) Double Network (DN) Hydrogels by AKANSHA DIXIT, DIBYENDU S. BAG, DHIRENDRA KUMAR SHARMA ,HARJEET SINGH AND N. ESWARA PRASAD

Page: 371-391

Abstract: Crosslinking is one of the most important factors affecting the major characteristics of polymer and hydrogel materials. Now-a-days, double network (DN) hydrogels have attracted special attention for their high strength and stretchability. In this investigation, we report the effect of crosslinker concentration on the DN hydrogels which are consisting of poly(vinyl alchohol)-borax as the first network and poly(acrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) as the second network synthesized by in-situ crosslinking polymerization process using N, N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker. Various properties of the DN hydrogels such as degree of swelling, swelling kinetics, gel fraction and network parameters (crosslink density, average molar mass between crosslinks, mesh size etc.) were studied. The polymer-solvent interaction parameter (χ) and polymer volume fraction in swollen state (VP) were also calculated using Flory-Rehner Theory. We observed that the degree of swelling was increased with increasing crosslinker concentration up to 0.1 wt% of monomers. But above this concentration, it was decreased with crosslinker concentration. The gel fractions as well as mechanical properties were increased with increasing MBA crosslinker concentration.

DOI- https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.03.10

Volume 35 (2018) Issue 2 , (April-2018 to June-2018)

Apr-Jun

Hydroxyapatite Coating on Selective Laser Sinter Polyamide Substrate by Electron Beam Deposition (INDIA) by HARIHARAN K AND ARUMAIKKANNU G

Page: 149-157

Abstract: Polyamides 12 (PA-12) has an application in the medical field such as suture materials, scaffolds mfor tissue engineering and for various medical devices fabrication. More often the medical devices which are produced using PA-12 are addressed to be a bioinert and osseointegration with the host tissue will be in the slower rate. This experimental work aims to improve osseointegration of PA-12 by depositing a layer of bioactive material over the surface, since the surface is the first portion to interact with host tissue. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a calcium phosphate similar to the human tissue in morphology and composition also it is well known bioactive material. This material has been synthesised by wet chemical precipitation process and deposited over polyamide substrate using Electron Beam Deposition (EBD). Various characterization studies have been carried out on coating and Human Osteosarcoma cells MG-63 were seeded on the coated sample to study its viability. The results revealed that Hydroxyapatite layer was deposited successfully over the PA-12. The coated layer some agglomeration of particles. The cell possesses 92.3% of viability, which may significantly improve the biocompatibility of prostheses and medical devices.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.1

Facile Grafting of Ionic Liquids onto Halloysite Nanotubes via An Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Method by XINYING QIN, ZIYANG GUO, CHAO WANG, MEINING SONG, HAILEI ZHANG AND YONGGANG WU (CHINA)

Page: 159-169

Abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs)-based organic–inorganic nanocomposite materials are a new class of hybrid materials which can be used in lithium batteries, fuel cells, dye-sensitized solar cells and pressure sensors. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs, Al2Si2O5(OH)4•nH2O) are hollow like aluminosilicate clay, similar to commonly used platy clay kaolin, which open up various attractive applications including catalysis, anticorrosion, adsorbent, drug delivery, enzyme immobilization, fiber spinning and so on. However, the inorganic characteristics of clay-based halloysite nanotube result in a limited application in electronic field, making it difficult to capture attentions as extensively as carbon nanotubes. Herein, we develop a feasible and versatile approach to prepared ILs mgrafted HNTs, by coupling the arylboronic acid and Al-OH groups on the HNTs. ILs are grafted to the modified HNTs via a typical atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method. The modified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are characterized by (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM).

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.2

Crystallization of Poly(L-lactide) in a Confined Space between Polycarbonate Layers by RI-CHAO ZHANG, ZHIHUAN HUANG, DAN SUN, AI LU, MEILING ZHONG, ZHENXING FANG, DEHUI JI, GUANGYAO XIONG AND YIZAO WAN(CHINA, UK)

Page: 171-179

Abstract: In this paper, various thicknesses of PLLA film between PC layers are obtained by spin coating of different amount of solution. The crystal morphologies and isothermal crystallization rates of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) in the confined spaces between polycarbonate (PC) layers have been studied by polarized optical microscopy. The Crystal morphologies of poly(L-lactide) are little influenced by the thickness of PLLA films between PC layers. Nevertheless, the crystal growth and nucleation rates of PLLA films between PC layers are remarkably affected by the thickness of PLLA films. In the confined space, the nucleation and growth rates of PLLA films decrease as its thickness decreases. The observed phenomena has been ascribed to the reduction of molecular chain mobility, and the slow diffusion process of molecular chains. The results offer greater insights into the materials process-structure-property relationship, and help with design of future biomaterials with tailored/controlled structures/properties (such as crystallinity/ degradation rate) for specific biomedical applications.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.3

Effect of Concentration of 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentahydroxyflavone on Nonlinear Properties of Doped Epoxy Polymers by DMYTRO MISHUROV, ANDRII VORONKIN AND SERGEY BOGATYRENKO (UKRAINE)

Page: 181-194

Abstract: These Epoxy polymer doped with a natural chromophore 3,5,7,3’,4’-pentagydroxyflavone (quercetin) at different concentrations of the dopant. Spectral characteristics and nonlinear optical properties of the polymer materials were studied by UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy. Morphology of the doped polymer films was observed using scanning electronic microscopy. Quadratic second susceptibilities of the obtained polymer films were calculated according to one-dimensional, rigid oriented gas model. It is shown that the morphology and nonlinear properties of the doped polymer films are directly dependent on the dopant concentration.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.4

Sensitive Response of Chitosan Encapsulated Ibuprofen Microspheres to the narrow pH range for Drug Delivery System by RAN YAN, LI LEI, FEI YU AND SHOUGANG CHEN (CHINA)

Page: 195-207

Abstract: Controlled drug-delivery and release systems have received increasing attention for biomedical applications. Chitosan encapsulated ibuprofen (IBU@CS) microspheres were prepared according to oil-in-water micro emulsion polymerization method for an excellent narrow pH sensitive response targeted drug delivery system. The morphology and chemical composition of IBU@CS microspheres with different formulations were characterized. The cytotoxicity test was studied by MTT assay. Results showed that the IBU@CS microspheres were in a spherical structure with a diameter in the range of 50 nm-300 nm. The IBU@CS microspheres had no toxic effect on cells. The in vitro IBU release experiments in PBS solutions of pH 6.8 and 7.4 showed that the encapsulation of CS to IBU could not only reduce the release rate of IBU, but also make the microspheres have narrow pH sensitivity which can release IBU under pH of the inflammatory tissues (pH 6.8) more easily than that of normal tissues. This IBU@CS pH-responsive release system can provide a promising control-release manner to achieve a good therapeutic effect for localized drug delivery.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.5

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(epichlorohydrin-g-e-caprolactone) Graft Copolymers by “Click” Chemistry by TEMEL ÖZTÜRK AND KEVIN A. CAVICCHI (USA, TURKEY)

Page: 209-220

Abstract: The synthesis of poly(epichlorohydrin-g--caprolactone) [poly(ECH-g-CL)] graft copolymers were carried out by use of a “click” chemistry reaction to graft poly(-caprolactone) propargyl (PCLpropargyl) to poly(epichlorohydrin) azido (PECH-N3). For this purpose, PECH-N3 was synthesized by the reaction of poly(epichlorohydrin) and sodium azide. Then PCL-propargyl was obtained by the reaction of poly(-caprolactone) [PCL] and propargyl chloride. By reacting PECH-N3 and PCL-propargyl, graft copolymers were obtained. The primary parameters, such as time and concentration, that influenced the reactions were assessed. The characterization of products was accomplished by using multiple instruments and methods including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FTIR, GPC, DSC, TGA, and fractional precipitation [non–solvent (petroleum ether, mL) / solvent (THF, mL)] techniques.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.6

Preparation of Porous Cross-linked Microsphere through Electrospraying combined with Photopolymerization by SHUANGQI ZHAO, LIFEI HE, RUIXUE YIN AND KEMIN WANG (CHINA, CANADA)

Page: 221-229

Abstract: Porous cross-linked microspheres were manufactured from low-viscosity monomers through electrospraying combined with photopolymerization. Firstly, the liquid drops of monomer solution formed by electrospraying were crystallized by liquid nitrogen, and then the cross-linked polymer is formed by photopolymerization. Finally, the porous microspheres were obtained after the solvent was removed by freeze drying. The morphology, chemical structure, pore diameter and thermal stability of porous cross-linked microspheres were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR spectroscopy), mercury intrusion porosimetry and thermogravimetry analysis (TG). This approach provides a new stratagem to prepare cross-linked porous microspheres from small molecules without using any template or other additives.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.7

Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Study of Epoxy-Maleate of 9,9'- Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) anthrone-10 and its Jute and Glass Composites by JABAL D. THANKI, JIGNESH P. PATEL AND PARSOTAM H. PARSANIA (INDIA)

Page: 231-143

Abstract: Epoxy maleate of 9,9'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)anthrone-10 (EANM) was synthesized and its jute (J-EANMS) and glass(G-EANMS) composites were prepared by hand layup compression molding technique under 20 bar at 120°C for 5h. The structure of EANM was supported by FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopic techniques and also characterized by acid and hydroxyl values. Thermal properties of EANM and cured EANMS were evaluated by DSC and TGA at 10°C min-1 heating rate in nitrogen atmosphere. EANM and EANMS are thermally stable up to 149o and 300°C and followed three and single step degradation kinetics. The energy of activation, frequency factor, degradation order and entropy change were evaluated and compared. J-EANMS and G-EANMS showed 38.2 and 184MPa tensile strength; 31.6 and 90.3 MPa flexural strength, 4.4 and 5.7 kVmm-1 electric strength and 2.6x1012 and 4.2x1012 ohm cm mvolume resistivity, respectively. Good thermo-mechanical and electrical properties and excellent hydrolytic stability against different environments indicated its industrial utility as low load bearing housing, insulating material for electrical and electronic appliances and marine applications.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.8

Adjustment of Molecular Weight for a Cellulose-graft-poly (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) Polymer Brush by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in an Ionic Liquid by JIAN ZHOU, ERJUN TANG, LEI ZHAO, RUITAO HAN, SHAOJIE LIU AND DISHUN ZHAO (CHINA)

Page: 245-256

Abstract: A cellulose-graft-poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (cellulose-g-PEGDMA) molecule brush was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3- methylimidazolium chloride. The controlled mechanism of the polymer brush size and polydispersity index (PDI, Mw/Mn) were investigated. The grafting copolymers were characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and GPC. The results indicate that the reaction time was the main factor to control the length of the cellulose-g-PEGDMA molecule brush. The ligand was the decisive factor in controlling the PDI of the molecule brush. The PDI of PEGDMA was precisely controlled at 1.1–1.4 by using pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as the ligand. Moreover, the graft molecule brush length could be varied with the change of PMDETA concentration. The Mn of PEGDMA was 75210 and had a narrow PDI of 1.15 when the PMDETA/CuBr ratio was 20:1. In addition, TEM images show that the cellulose-g-PEGDMA copolymer could aggregate and selfassemble into a sphere-like polymeric structure in solution, indicating that the obtained grafting copolymers have potential applications in biomedical materials.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.02.9

Volume 35 (2018) Issue 1 , (January-2018 to March-2018)

JAN-MAR.

Behavior of Polypropylene Under Stress Relaxation and Dynamic Loading Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations by A. MANDAL, S. P. SINGH AND R.PRASAD

Page: 1-13

Abstract: Molecular dynamics simulations of stress relaxation and dynamic loading of isotactic polypropylene have been studied using full atomistic model. Curves of relaxation, used to evaluate the relaxation parameters, show agreement with experimental results. The relaxation time is calculated from the simulated stress relaxation curve. The dynamic loading curves show that stress leads strain as proposed by other theoretical models. Storage modulus, loss modulus and loss factor have been calculated. Despite limitations of smaller simulation time, the results are in comparable range with the experimental values. The length scale limitation of MD simulation is taken care of by the use of periodic boundary conditions. The effect of temperature and the polymeric chain length on the viscoelastic relaxation parameters are investigated.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.1

Investigation on Nonlinear Optical (NLO) Properties and Surface Morphologies of Organic Chiral Monomer Crystals of (R)-N-(1-phenyl-ethyl) methacrylamide and its Polymer and Copolymers by DIBYENDU S. BAG, KM. MEENU, AKANSHA DIXIT AND N. ESWARA PRASAD

Page: 15-32

Abstract: (R)-N-(1-phenyl-ethyl) methacrylamide (R-NPEMAM) was synthesized which is an organic chiral monomer. The crystals of such monomer were obtained by recrystallization of the synthesized product from ethanol-water mixture. It was polymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and a crosslinking monomer, N,N ’ methylene bisacrylamide in toluene medium. These materials have been characterized by different analytical techniques such as FTIR, elemental and SEM analyses for their structural and morphological investigation. The organic monomer is a chiral molecule and its optical rotation was observed to be: []D25=28o (C 1.0 DMF). On the other hand, optical rotations were observed to be: 35o for its polymer (CP) and 8 to 21o for its copolymers having different chiral content. Such organic and polymeric materials were studied for their NLO properties. The relative second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of organic chiral monomer crystal (CCM) was 1.22 times that of KDP, whereas the values of polymer and copolymers were slightly less (0.87 to 0.94) than that of the KDP crystal. However, all these values are comparable to the property of other organic crystals and also to the recently reported SHG efficiency of 1.5 times for organic 4-chloroanilinium-L-tartrate monohydrate single crystal. These materials may find their potential nonlinear optical applications.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.2

Effect of a Novel Polysilicone on the Flame Retardancy and Thermal Degradation of Epoxy Resin by JIANGBO WANG

Page: 33-44

Abstract: In the present study, a novel polysilicone PMDA was synthesized and the effect of PMDA on the flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP) was investigated by cone calorimeter measurement. EP/PMDA (FREP) composite exhibited lower peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) in comparison with those of pure EP, indicating the higher fire safety of FREP. Furthermore, the thermal degradation behavior of FREP composite was investigated by the TGA measurement under non-isothermal conditions. The Kissinger and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods were both used to analyze the thermal degradation process of EP composites. The results illustrated that PMDA remarkable enhanced the activation energies of EP thermal degradation in the final stage, revealing that the flame retardant PMDA stabilized the residual char layer and improved the flame retardancy of EP in the final period of thermal degradation process.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.3

The Effect of Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Modified Polypropylene by GUIQIN LI, JUN WANG, JIEMIN FENG, QING GUO, JUNLONG ZHOU AND PETER MITROUCHEV

Page: 45-57

Abstract: The mechanical behaviors of five modified polypropylene composites were investigated under the effect of various temperatures. Mechanical properties of polymer were carried out through uniaxial tensile tests for low and high temperatures respectively. The results showed that both yield stress and the elastic modulus of the material decrease with the increase of temperature. The properties are also significantly influenced by the addition and the additive quantity. The addition with glass fiber (GF) manifests higher properties than the other addition, and the modulus and yield stress increase with the increasing of the additive amount. Three models are chosen to fitting with the experiment values in order to understand the mechanical behavior of the polymer. By comparing the proposed simplified model with Gibson model, both are successfully validated by the excellent agreement between model prediction and experimental results.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.4

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Carbon and Pineapple leaf fiber by A. SURESH BABU, T. T. NAGARAJAN, K. PALANIVELU AND S.K. NAYAK

Page: 59-69

Abstract: The mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid epoxy composites reinforced with carbon fiber (CF) and pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) composites depend upon fiber-matrix interfacial properties. A comparison between the CF composite and hybrid fiber composite was made. Composites were characterized by tensile, flexural and impact, TGA, DMA, and SEM analysis. The results showed that the tensile and flexural strengths are increased with increasing CF content upto 30 wt % in the hybrid composite. CF/PALF fibre can be used for improving the properties of hybrid epoxy composites.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.5

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene Based Polyurethanes with Superior Properties by NA TENG, JINYUE DAI, YONG WEN,JING CHEN, FEI LIU, JIN ZHU, HAINING NA

Page: 71-83

Abstract: This study focuses on the microwave-assisted synthesis of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes. Driven by microwave irradiation, the synthetic rate of HTPB based polyurethanes is three times faster than the synthesis operated by traditional oil-bath heating. Though the synthesis time is significantly decreased, polyurethanes synthesized with microwave irradiation exhibit comparable mechanical performances to the similar polyurethanes obtained by traditional oil-bath heating. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of polyurethanes synthesized with microwave irradiation are also higher than conventional method. HTPB based polyurethanes also exhibit excellent thermal stability and hydrolysis resistance. Our research suggests a fast and interesting way to synthesize HTPB based polyurethanes.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.6

Nanoarchitecture CD@CMC@MnSiO : A Dual Responsive Drug Delivery System with Cellular Imaging Ability by PRABHA BHARTIYA AND P.K. DUTTA

Page: 85-101

Abstract: Designing theranostic agents that are responsive to mildly acidic and reducing tumor microenvironments for optimized imaging and chemotherapeutic effects, is of huge interest in nanomedicine. In this context, we have prepared mesoporous manganese silicate NPs and a biocompatible coating of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) was introduced on the surface of manganese silicate nanoparticles. In order to confer multifunctionality to the prepared nanovehicle, it was treated hydrothermally which resulted in formation of fluorescent C-dots on the surface of nanovehicle. The nanoarchitecture CD@CMC@MnSiO3 was characterized by FTIR, XRD, UV-visible and PL spectroscopy. A hydrophobic drug curcumin was loaded on the prepared nanoarchitecture and very high drug loading capacity was obtained. Drug release profile was observed at physiological pH (pH 7.4), acidic pH (pH 6.4 and 5.0) and acidic pH with reducing environment (pH 5.0 and glutathione). The prepared nanoarchitecture demonstrated exceptional pH-modulated drug release which was further enhanced in the presence of glutathione. Cellular imaging experiments conducted on SW480 cell lines confirmed potential applicability of the prepared nanoarchitecture for live cellular imaging which may also be applied for tracking of drug.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.7

Steady State Analysis of Water Transport through Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (SPEEK) Membrane for Fuel Cell Application by RABIRANJAN MURMU AND HAREKRUSHNA SUTAR

Page: 103-118

Abstract: Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (SPEEK) membrane is considered as a potential alternative membrane for fuel cell because of its cost effectiveness and easily prepared. SPEEK membranes were prepared by solution casting method with film thickness of 80, 127 and 150 μm. Samples are analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer. Water uptake study states that diffusivity of water increased with increase in Degree of Sulfonation (DS) of the membrane. Experimental moisture uptake data was fitted to a dual stage model. Proton conductivity of the membrane was measured by two probe method using impedance analyzer. Proton conductivity of the sample is improved with improving DS of membrane. Proton conductivity of membrane gave promising results in the range of 10-2 to 10-1 S/cm. Membrane water content has the greatest effect towards proton conductivity. The permeation of water through membrane was measured by in house permeation cell at a temperature range of 40-90°C and feed side water activity between 0.2 and 1. Water permeation from liquid feed increased with increase in membrane temperature and inversely proportional with membrane thickness. Water transported across the membrane in a permeation cell was considered as a one dimensional diffusion model. Water permeation data was compared with conventional Nafion permeation results. Water permeability data shows linear improvement with membrane water content and temperature.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.8

Study on Cyclohexyl isocyanate-modified Graphene and Mechanical, Thermal and Tribological Properties of its Polyimide Nanocomposite by DUXIN LI, YUE CHEN, WENYAN YANG, CHUNGUANG XIAO AND MENGLIN WEI

Page: 119-136

Abstract: To elucidate the effect and the mechanism of graphene modification on the morphology and properties of polyimide (PI), cyclohexyl isocyanate modified graphene (CG), was designed and prepared by grafting the isocyanate chain on the graphene sheet surface, followed by the use of the modified graphene for the preparation of polyimide composites by in situ polymerization. The successful grafting of cyclohexyl isocyanate onto the surface of the graphene was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. The unique surface modification significantly improved the compatibility and dispersion of grapheme in the PI matrix. CG/polyimide composites were prepared by in situ polymerization. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the 1.0CG/PI nanocomposite reached 99.35 MPa and 1.84 GPa, showing increases of 20.97 % and 28.67 %, respectively, compared to the values of pure PI. The friction coefficient of the 1.0CG/PI composite reached 0.35, i.e., it was 32.69 % lower than that of pure PI, and the wear rate was reduced by 29.10 %. This improvement of the tribological properties was mainly caused by the cooperative interaction of the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites and the high self-lubricity of modified graphene.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.9

A Novel Design Strategy for Chitosan containing azo-based Schiff bases for Colorimetric Sensing of Anions by NIDHI NIGAM, SANTOSH KUMAR, P.K.DUTTA, AND TAMAL GHOSH

Page: 137-148

Abstract: The present investigation deals with the anion sensing studies of prepared chitosan/methyl red dye: chitosan/hydroxy nitro azobenzaldehyde (CHNAB) and chitosan/hydroxy methyl azobenzaldehyde (CHMAB) derivatives under mild conditions. These derivatives were synthesized by79% and 90% deacetylated chitosan, in isopropyl alcohol/water mixture and dimethyl sulfoxide. The polymers were well characterized by thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry, DSC and thermogravimetric analysis,TGA), FTIR, 1H-NMR, ESI-Mass spectra, birefringence and antibacterial activity and reported elsewhere. The optical property of the derivatives is an advantageous property prompted us to evaluate its anion sensing properties by UV-titrimetric method. UV–visible titration was carried out in DMSO to evaluate the binding affinities toward a set of anions (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, CN-, AcO-, HSO4 -and H2PO4-). In the present study, it is observed that cyanide is mainly operating as a nucleophile. These cyanide anion sensing phenomena were analyzed by UV–vis titration in dimethyl sulfoxide. The plausible sensing mechanism of the chitosan derivative for CN-recognition was established. The study on the novel design strategy may be used for sensing anions.

DOI: -https://doi.org/10.32381/JPM.2018.35.01.10

Volume 34 (2017)

Volume 34 (2017) Issue 4 , (October-2017 to December-2017)

Oct-Dec

Effect of Sodium Humate on the Swelling Characteristics and Agricultural Application of Superabsorbent Hydrogels of Poly (acrylic acid/sodium alginate/sodium humate) (INDIA) by SHIPRA AGNIHOTRI AND REENA SINGHAL

Page: 663-680

Abstract: A series of superabsorbent hydrogel (SAHs) based on poly Acrylic Acid (AAc), Sodium Alginate (NaAlg) and Sodium Humate (SH) (AAc/NaAlg/SH) was prepared by free radical solution copolymerization. Hydrogel having sodium humate 9.09 wt% showed maximum water absorbency of 906 g of water per gram of superabsorbent hydrogel. The application of the synthesized superabsorbent hydrogel was investigated in agriculture as soil conditioner for water retention in sandy soil. The study revealed that the synthesized superabsorbent hydrogels could act as an effective water saving material for agricultural applications. Swelling behavior (such as swelling ratio, initial swelling rate constant, swelling exponent, diffusion coefficient and penetration velocity etc.) for all the synthesized superabsorbent hydrogels having various (6.9 to 11 wt %) concentration of SH was studied. Swelling exponent was found in range of (0.712 to 0.802); thus suggesting non fickian diffusion mechanism. The effect of synthesized SAHS on growth of seeds of corn and white gourd are reported.

Preparation of Ag/g-CN/C Ternary Nanocomposites and Study of their Photoreactivity (CHINA) by XIANHUA LI, QINGBO YU, SONGHUI FANG AND XIAOZE WANG

Page: 681-693

Abstract: In this article, novel Ag/g-C3N4/C ternary nanocomposites with leaves-fructification-like architecture were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of the mixture of g-C3N4 nanosheets, glucose solution and silver nitrate. In order to comparison, a series of nanomaterials including g-C3N4 nanosheets, binary nanocomposites (g-C3N4/C) and ternary nanocomposites (Ag/g-C3N4/C) loaded with different amounts of carbon were prepared and characterized in detail. The Ag/g-C3N4/C1 nanocomposites showed the highest photocatalytic activity towards degradation of MB. The reason for this was bio-inspired structures effects and the synergistic effect of Ag, g-C3N4 and carbon, which increased visible-light absorption due to their surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Ag, enhanced adsorption for the MB because of the negatively charged surface of Ag, improved photoinduced electron–hole separation efficiency owing to carbon and bio-inspired structures effects

Effect of Organoclay Addition on Relationship between Rheology and Morphology of Polyethylenes/Polyamide6/Organoclay Nanocomposite (IRAN) by MAHVASH JAVANSHIR, MAHMOOD MASOOMI, ROUHOLLAH BAGHERI, ARMIN HAJIBABA AND MOJTABA AHMADI

Page: 695-708

Abstract: The effect of nanoclay on properties of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/low density polyethylene (LDPE)/Polyamide6 (PE/PA6)film was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) proved that exfoliation in nanocomposite containing 4 phr of organoclay was achieved and a large amount of organoclay was located in both PA6 and PE/PA interface. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the use of organoclay alongside polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA) as a compatibilizer can lead to a reduction of size in dispersed droplets. Transitions in rheological behavior from liquid-like to solid-like at low frequencies were observed for samples containing 4 and 5 phr of organoclay.

Nanoindentation and Molecular Simulation Study of Chemical Doped-Induced
Stiffening of a Poly (p-phenylene vinylene) Film (CHINA) by JING XU, GANG XU, XIAOJU LONG, TINGTING LIU AND HAI XU

Page: 709-717

Abstract: A combined experiment and molecular simulation study was performed to understand the mechanism of mechanical change in doped poly (p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) film. PPV with a partial quinoid structure was obtained using oxidation of ferric chloride. Its chemical structure was determined by FT-IR, Raman and UV-vis spectra. The nanomechanical properties of the neutral PPV film and the chemical-doped PPV films were investigated by nanoindentation test. The critical bending radius of films based on the flexible base was evaluated from the results of the nanoindentation test. The relationship between the benzoid/quinoid ratio of PPV and its inter-molecule interaction was investigated with molecular simulation and the changes of the geometry of PPV single chain and the cohesive energy density (CED) of the multi-PPV. The result suggests that the quinoid PPV has higher CED and rigid chain structures.

Imidazolium-Functionalized Poly(ether sulfone)as a Novel Polymeric Membrane for CO/CH Separation (CHINA) by SHAOBO FU, TENGYANG ZHU, FEILONG PAN AND JUJIE LUO

Page: 719-732

Abstract: A series of novel gas separation membranes based on poly(ether sulfone)s were successfully synthesized via polycondensation, brominated and methyl imidazolium functionalization reactions. The structures and properties of this series, as well as the gas separation properties of the corresponding polymer membranes, were studied. The permeability and selectivity of the membranes were studied at different temperatures of 25-55°C and pressures of 0.5-1.5 atm, using single gases CO2 and CH4. Gas-permeation measurements showed that copolymers with different content of imidazoliumionic groups exhibited different separation performances. For example, the membrane from MIPESF-c showed better performance in terms of ideal selectivity over the other two copolymers membranes. The highest ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity was 34.5 with CO2 permeability18.5 barrer at 1.5 atm and 25°C.

Enhancing Lightning Resistance property of the Polymer Composites (INDIA) by M.K. MARICHELVAM AND K. KANDAKODEESWARAN

Page: 733-745

Abstract: Aircraft structures are redesigned by fibre-reinforced composites mainly due to their high specific stiffness and strength. However, while using the semi-conducting composites in an aircraft it may be failed due to lightning strike damage. The existing protection techniques will increase the weight and hence negatively impacts the fuel efficiency. This paper addresses an overview of the lightning damages that occur due to the usage of composites and existing protection techniques. The Plasma coating of copper and titanium nitride on the epoxy laminate was carried out to increase the electrical conductivity on polymeric composite coatings. The surface conductance of the coated and uncoated laminate was analytically determined. And the lightning strike test was experimentally carried out and finally the tensile strength of damaged and undamaged laminates were measured. Due to the titanium nitride coating, electrical conductance of epoxy laminates was increased. Further, it was observed that the weight can be reduced up to 85% with less damage on exposure to high current and temperature when compared to the uncoated laminate.

Investigation of Formability, Morphology and Functionality of Chitosan based Biosensors (INDIA) by KANCHANA M, JAYAPPRIYAN R M, KUMAR B AND USHA ANTONY

Page: 747-758

Abstract: Dilute solution of chitosan has been deposited on glass slide by inkjet printing and the efficacy of the coating for its formability, morphology and functionality has been explored. The chitosan coating was characterized by SEM, AFM, Optical Microscope and Spectrophotometer. The biosensor formulation (ferritin) entrapped between two layers of chitosan coating exhibited active functional characteristics confirming that chitosan coatings fabricated by inkjet printing could be utilized for optical biosensor applications.

Impacts of Heat Treatment Medium on Performance of Aliphatic-aromatic and Aromatic-aromatic based Thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membrane (INDIA) by A.K. GHOSH AND R.C. BINDAL

Page: 759-772

Abstract: In this study, we report the impact of heat treatment medium (hot air, hot water & steam) on structure and performance of aliphatic-aromatic and aromatic-aromatic types thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes prepared by in-situ interfacial polymerization. Aliphatic-aromatic polyamide membranes were prepared using polyethylene imine (PEI) & isophthaloyl chloride (IPC) and aromatic-aromatic polyamide membranes were prepared using m-phenylene diamine (MPD) & trimesoyl chloride (TMC). Thin film coating of polyamide was given over laboratory synthesized microporous polysulfone supports. TFC membranes prepared using three different heat treatment media were characterized in terms of water permeability, separation of NaCl solute, water contact angle and atomic force microscopy studies. It was found that different heat treatment media produced TFC polyamide membranes with widely varying water fluxes, salt rejections, and surface properties under identical coating conditions and it has different impacts on aliphatic-aromatic and aromatic-aromatic type polyamide composite membrane performances. The surface hydrophilicity of the steam and hot water-cured membranes increased more than that of hot air cured membranes for aromatic-aromatic type TFC-RO membrane. Heat treatment in hot water and steam media results TFC membrane with the more permeates flux and salt rejection for both aliphatic-aromatic and aromatic-aromatic type.

Preparation and Characterization of Green Acrylic Latex Modified with
Fluorinated and Crosslinking Monomers (CHINA) by LIJUN CHEN, XIN ZHANG AND DAWEI CHEN

Page: 773-782

Abstract: The environmental friendly polyacrylate latex was prepared by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA) and hydroxy propyl methacrylate (HPMA), which was initiated with potassium persulfate (KPS) and emulsified with the novel mixed surfactants of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and myristyl hydroxypropyl sulpho betaine (betaine). The structure of the latex was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The particle size of the latex was measured by Zetatrac dynamic light scattering detector. The properties of latex film were tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), contact angle (CA) and DSC. The stability of the latex was improved.

Synthesis, Photoisomerization properties and Thermal Degradation Kinetics of
Polyesters Containing Azomethine moiety in the main chain (INDIA) by R.VINI AND S.C. MURUGAVEL

Page: 783-796

Abstract: A series of polyesters containing azomethine group in the main chain was synthesized by solution polycondensation of 4-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)iminomethyl]phenol with various diacid chlorides. The synthesized polyesters were characterized systematically by Fourier transform infrared, UV and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. UV analysis revealed that the synthesized polyesters have quite lower band gap than the corresponding monomer. The optical band gap values of monomer and polymer were found to be 2.80 and 2.64 respectively. Thermal properties were studied using thermo gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the aromatic polymers had higher char yield. The self extinguishing property of the synthesized polymers was studied by the limiting oxygen index values. The aromatic polyesters had higher LOI than aliphatic polyesters. Thermal degradation kinetics have been studied using Arrhenius, Broido and Horowitz-Metzger models and calculated the activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponentional factor (A). The photoisomerization property was examined with UV spectroscopy and all these polymers showed in trans to cis isomerization 10–15 s, whereas reverse process took around 90 min in solution.

Preparation and characterization of poly(o-toluidine)/nano TiO composite and Study of their anticorrosion properties blended with epoxy resin (CHINA) by CHUANBO HU, JIAWEI LI, YAZHOU KONG, YUSHI DING AND YING LI

Page: 797-808

Abstract: In this investigation, HCl doped poly(o-toluidine)/nano TiO2 composite was prepared using in situ polymerization method. The composition and structure of the composite were characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The anticorrosion properties of the epoxy resin blended with poly(o-toluidine)/ nano TiO2 composite were studied in 3.5% NaCl solution by electrochemical measurements. Potentiodynamic polarization measurement showed that poly(o-toluidine)/nano TiO2/epoxy composite coating acted as a highly efficient corrosion protection layer on steel with 97.85% protection efficiency. Electrochemical impendence spectroscopy measurement showed that poly(o-toluidine)/nano TiO2/epoxy composite coating exhibited a higher charge transfer resistance and effectively decreased the permeation of water and corrosion substances. The highly efficient corrosion protection of the epoxy coating containing poly(o-toluidine)/nano TiO2 composite may be derived from the passivation and barrier effects.

Formulation, Optimization and Characterization of Microspheres using Biomaterial Arabinoxylan (PAKISTAN) by JOHAR SHUJAAT, ALIA ERUM, UME-RUQIA TULAIN, SOBIA NOREEN AND ASMARA ISMAIL

Page: 809-821

Abstract: Microspheres of new biomaterial arabinoxylan loaded with levosulpiride a model drug were formulated using ionotropic gelation technique. Microspheres were optimized by using different reaction parameters like cross linkers type and concentrations, concentration of biomaterial arabinoxylan, effect of reaction temperature and reaction time and drug loading method. Nine different formulations were formulated. It was observed that best microspheres were formulated using 10 % CaCl2, 3 % arabinoxyaln at 600C temperature and 15 minutes reaction time for curing. Compatibility of arabinoxylan with levosulpiride was tested by using XRD and FTIR techniques. Microsphere formulations were evaluated for percentage yield, flow properties, swelling index, solvent regain and drug release studies. Formulations possessed excellent flow properties as indicated by their angle of repose, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, tapped density and bulk density. SEM showed that microspheres were almost spherical and had rough surface morphology. Levosulpiride release from biomaterial arabinoxylan followed Korsmeyer–Peppas model showing drug release by diffusion and erosion of polymer. So this study provides a scientific evidence for the use of arabinoxylan as an effective alternative to sodium alginate for microsphere formulation.

Annual Index Vol. 34, No. 1-3 (2017)

Page:

Volume 34 (2017) Issue 3 , (July-2017 to September-2017)

Jul-Sep

The Interaction between Crystallization Behavior and Foaming Performance in the Foamed Polypropylene
by JINSONG WEN, LIRONG CHEN, XIANWU CAO AND YIJUN ZHANG

Page: 513-525

Renewable Resource based blends of Polylactic acid (PLA) and Thermoplastic starch (TPS) using Novel Reactive Compatibilization by SUKHILA KRISHNAN, SMITA MOHANTY AND SANJAY K. NAYAK

Page: 525-538

Numerical Analysis of Damage Mechanism on Low-velocity Impact of GLARE 5 Fiber-metal Laminates by YUN WAN, GUSHENG TONG, SHENSHEN CHEN AND YONGHU HUANG

Page: 539-552

The Study of Impact Properties of UDF/epoxy Composites with Shape Memory Alloy Wires (SMAs) under Low Velocity Impact by ZHENQING WANG, MIN SUN, YAHUI CHEN, LIANG HE AND FANGXIN WANG

Page: 553-563

Eugenol-based Organic Silicone Epoxy Resin and Its Curing Kinetics by LIU YUAN, DAI JINYUE, WANG SHENG, LUO JUN, SHEN XIAOBIN, SUN LIYUAN, JIANG YANHUA, WANG JINGGANG, CHUNYAN LIU, LIU XIAOQING AND ZHU JIN

Page: 565-578

Synthesis and Characterization of Modified Acrylate Emulsion Emulsified by b-CD and SDBS by XIN ZHANG, DAWEI CHEN AND LI JUN CHEN

Page: 579-588

Preparation and Properties of PLLA/PBS Fibers by ZUJIANG XIONG, RUI WANG, NINGNING LIANG, CHUNFANG YANG, AND XIUQIN ZHANG

Page: 589-599

Synthesis and Characterization of Vegetable oil based Polyurethane derived from Biobased isocyanate by SWARNALATA SAHOO, HEMJYOTI KALITA, SMITA MOHANTY AND S. K. NAYAK

Page: 601-613

Synthesis of Water Soluble Block Copolymer with Temperature and Chemical dual-stimuli Responsive and its Application in Renewable Heavy Metal ion Adsorbent by FENGLIAN WANG, MAOAN WANG, DAN SONG, YIN XU AND DINGHAI HUANG

Page: 615-630

Rheological Properties of Food Hydrocolloids based on Polysaccharides by BARBORA LAPCIKOVA, TOMAS VALENTA AND LUBOMIR LAPCIK

Page: 631-645

In-Situ Synthesis of Poly (An-co-m-TFMA) Electro Active Copolymer: Characterization and Application as Humidity Sensor by P.S. VIJAYANAND, A. JEEVA, S. ASHOKAN, T. KOJIMA, S. KATO AND J.CHANDRASEKARAN

Page: 647-661

Volume 34 (2017) Issue 2 , (April-2017 to June-2017)

Apr-Jun

Guest - Host Interaction between Hydrophobically Modified Polyacrylamide and Water-soluble b-Cyclodextrin-Epichlorohydrin Polymer (CHINA) by BIN XU

Page: 343-352

Low Density Polyethylene/Polymeric Microballon Syntactic Foam: Strain Rate Dependent Compressive Response (INDIA) by J. SANDEEP AND VELAMURALI

Page: 353-362

Novel Tetrazole-Functionalized Absorbent based on poly (2,2,3,3 -tetracyanocyclo-propyl) phenylacrylate to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution (IRAN) by MEHDI HOSSEINZADEH, PEYMAN NAJAFI MOGHADAM AND NADER NOROOZI PESYAN

Page: 363-374

Particle Nucleation under Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) in Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene and Its application in High Solid Content Latex (CHINA) by YANPING HE, TAOTAO CHENG, HONG WANG, YANLIN SUN, LINHUAZHU AND TIAN SI

Page: 375-389

Photovoltaic Properties of Poly(Triphenylamine-Thiazolo[5,4- d] Thiazole) Copolymer Dye in Bulk-Hetorojunction Organic Solar Cells (TURKEY) by UĞURSOY OLGUNA, MUSTAFA GÜLFENA, GÖNÜL HİZALAN, ALİ ÇİRPAN, AND LEVENT TOPPARE

Page: 391-403

Preparation and Characterization of Styrene-Acrylic Resin Encapsulated C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3 (CHINA) by YAO ZANG, MING-QUAN YE, AI-JUN HAN AND SHU-TING ZHANG

Page: 405-420

Preparation of Epoxidized SBS Triblock Copolymer and Its Methane Separation from Low-Concentration Coal-Bed Methane (CHINA) by TENGYANG ZHU, XING YANG, XIAOQI HE, ZIQIN SI, AND JUJIE LUO

Page: 421-437

Separation of Benzene-Isooctane Mixtures Using Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) / Graphene Composite Pervaporation Membranes (INDIA) by HARSHALA. GULHANE AND Z.V.P. MURTHY

Page: 439-453

Synthesis and Characterization of Copolymers of Methyl Methacrylate with N arylitaconimides via AGET-ATRP (INDIA) by CHETANA DEOGHARE, VISHNU S. NADKARNI, RAGHU N. BEHERA AND RASHMI CHAUHAN

Page: 455-466

Synthesis and Characterization of New, Soluble and Low-k poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing Tetramethyl and Xanthene groups in Structural Units (CHINA) by HAI-TAO DUAN, XIAO-LING LIU , XUE-CHUN MAO, ZHEN-ZHONG HUANG AND SHOU-RI SHENG

Page: 467-480

Synthesis and Characterization of Partial Carbonized Graphene modified Polyimide Films (CHINA) by JUAN YU, LIN XU, DEYANG ZHOU AND PEI HUANG

Page: 481-492

Synthesis of Metallocene Poly(ether Esters) from Reaction of Group IVB and VB Metallocene Dichlorides With Glycyrrhetinic Acid (USA) by CHARLES E. CARRAHER, JR.,NGOC TRANG CAROLINE TRUONG, AND MICHAEL R. RONER

Page: 493-512

Volume 34 (2017) Issue 1 , (January-2017 to March-2017)

Jan-Mar

Extraction of Chitin-Glucan Complex from Agaricus bisporus: Characterization and Antibacterial by Anu Singh and P. K. Dutta

Page: 1-9

Research on Antibacterial Screening and Drug Delivery using Chitosan-Stearic Acid Derivative by NIVEDITA SINHA, BRIJESH K. SINGH AND P.K. DUTTA

Page: 11-20

Development and Physicochemical Properties of Chitosan/Starch/Bentonite based Ternary Nanocomposite Film for Wound Healing by Joydeep Dutta and Nirmla Devi

Page: 21-31

Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan based Hydrogel Formulation by using Acetic acid and Propylene glycol for Wound Healing Application by Madhu Kashyap, Joydeep Dutta and P.K. Dutta

Page: 33-44

A Comparative Study on Chitosan and Benzimidazole Modified Chitosan as Antimicrobial and Mercury (Hg) Sensor Biomaterials by K. Sriram, D. Renuga, P. Uma Maheswari, K. M. Meera Sheriffa Begum and G. Arthanareeswaran

Page: 45-55

Preparation of Extracted Chitosan Scaffolds using Amino acids as Crosslinking Agents by E. Roshan Ara Begum, Bhavani K, Mahalakshmi K, Mahalakshmi L and R. Shenbagarathai

Page: 57-65

Environmentally benign Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Chitosan Polymer for Biomedical Applications by Santosh Kumar and Joonseok Koh

Page: 67-73

Development of Chitosan-tri Polyphosphate Nanomaterials for Oral Delivery of Insulin by Sheena Devasia, Meenu Sukumaran and Suresh Kumar JS

Page: 75-89

Chitosan-Magnesium oxide Bio-composite for better thermal and Antibacterial properties by S. Rajaboopathi and S. Thambidurai

Page: 91-102

High Molecular Weight and High Degree of Deacetylation of Chitosan Prepared from Squid Pens (Loligo chenisis) by Hoang Ngoc Cuong, Nguyen Cong Minh, Nguyen Van Hoa, KhongTrung Thang, Nguyen Anh Tuan, and Trang Si Trung

Page: 103-114

Characterization of Polymeric Biomaterial Chitosan Extracted from Rhizopus stolonifer by Weslley de Souza Paiva, Francisco Ernesto de Souza Neto and Anabelle Camarotti de Lima Batista

Page: 115-121

Production of Chitin and Chitosan using Successive Three-step Microbial Fermentation by Hongcai Zhang, Huaning Yu, Yanan Qian and Shunsheng Chen

Page: 123-127

Research on Synthesis of Nano Chitosan modified Polyacrylamide through Low-pressure Ultraviolet Initiation by Xinxi Zhang, Jiangya Ma, Kun Fu, Xue Fu, Lei Ding, Qingqing Guan, Jun Shi and Liyan Jiang

Page: 129-143

Optimization for the Production of Mycelial Biomass from Benjaminiella poitrasii to Isolate Highly Deacetylated Chitosan by S.R. Mane, E. K. Pathan, D. Kale, V. Ghormade, R.V. Gadre, P.R. Rajamohanan, M.V. Badiger and M.V. Deshpande

Page: 145-156

Moxifloxacin Loaded Chitosan Gel Formulations for the Treatment of Periodontal Diseases by Nur Syazwani binti Azeran, Nur Diyana binti Zazali, Selin Seda Timur, Ayben Işılay Özdoğan, Melike Ekizoğlu, Ravi Sheshala, Kamal Dua, Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan Sahu and Sevda Şenel

Page: 157-169

Lignin Incorporated Antimicrobial Chitosan Film for Food Packaging Application by Sudheer Rai, P. K. Dutta and G. K. Mehrotra

Page: 171-183

Morphological and Thermal Properties of low Temperature Preparation zinc-tin oxide/chitosan Hybrid Composite by M. Karpuraranjith and S.Thambidurai

Page: 185-195

Novel Chitosan Nanoparticles as Drug Carriers in Cancer Therapy by Vaidehi. D, V. Bhuvaneshwari, R. Amsaveni, M. Kalaiselvi and A. Sivaranjini

Page: 197-206

Synthesis and Characterization of Dialdehyde Carboxymethyl Chitosan by Zhu Long, Meiyan Wu, Ping Wang, Lei Dai, Dan Zhang, Huining Xiao and Cuihua Dong

Page: 207-221

Physiochemical and Barrier Properties of Polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/TEMPO-oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers Composite Films by K.W. Choo, Y.C. Ching and C.H. Chuah

Page: 223-233

Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Poly-ε-caprolactone based Nanocomposite Blend Films by M. Rajesh and K.V. Harish Prashanth

Page: 235-248

Synthesis and Characterization of N-(maleoyl) Chitosan at different Degrees of Substitution with Antibacterial activity by Mohamed E. I. Badawy and Entsar I. Rabea

Page: 249-259

Physico-chemical and Biological Properties of Starch Nanocrystals and Orange Oil Incorporated Chitosan Film by Neethu Hari, Karthika Shaji, Supriya Radhakrishnan and A. Jayakumaran Nair

Page: 261-274

Cadmium and Lead Removal Efficiency of Chitosan with different degree of Deacetylation in Flake and Bead form by Laly S.J, Priya. E.R, Binsi P.K and Zynudheen A. A

Page: 275-286

Effect of Chitosan Calcium phosphate Bead size on Scaffold Properties as they relate to Formation of Biphasic Constructs for Osteochondral Regeneration by Anuhya Gottipati and Steven Elder

Page: 287-304

Chitosan Microspheres Cross-linked with Glyoxal for the Local Delivery of Antibiotics by Gregory S. McGraw, J. Amber Jennings, Tomoko Fujiwara, Elysia Masters, Warren O. Haggard and Joel D. Bumgardner

Page: 305-316

Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan from Squid Pens (Loligo chenisis) against Erwinia Carotovora from Soft Rot Postharvest Tomato Fruit by Hoang Ngoc Cuong, Huynh Thanh Tung, Nguyen Cong Minh, Nguyen Van Hoa, Pham Thi Dan Phuong, and Trang Si Trung

Page: 319-330

Modifications of Chitosan for Cadmium Removal: A Short Review by Preeti Pal and Anjali Pal

Page: 331-341

Volume 33 (2016)

Volume 33 (2016) Issue 4 , (October-2016 to December-2016)

Oct-Dec

Tribological Behavior of Phenolic Nanocomposites Reinforced by 2D Atomic Crystal of Boron Nitride (CHINA) by BINGLI PAN, JINLONG TAN, HAINING JIA, JUN CHEN, YUPING TAI, JICHUN LIU, YONGZHEN ZHANG AND QINGSHAN NIU

Page: 567-577

Experimental Investigation on Bearing Response of Carbon Reinforced Aluminium laminates - Influence of natural fibre and specimen geometry (INDIA) by M.VASUMATHI, AND VELA MURALI

Page: 579-588

Curing Characteristics and Tear Properties of Calcium Carbonate/Bentonite Filled Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Rubber Composites (MALAYSIA) by NURUS SAKINAH CHE MAT, NADRAS OTHMAN AND HANAFI ISMAIL

Page: 589-595

Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Polylactic Acid Toughened with an Impact Modifier (MALAYSIA)
by RAZAINA MAT TAIB, AND THAM CHO YIN

Page: 597-604

Effect of Hybrid Fillers in PP/EPDM Nanocomposites for Electrical Insulator Application (MALAYSIA) by M.S. HAMZAH, M. MARIATTI AND M. KAMAROL

Page: 605-613

Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Polymer Composites (MALAYSIA) by N.M.S HIDAYAH, WEI-WEN LIU, C.W. LAI, N.Z. NORIMAN, S.T. SAM, U. HASHIM, AND HON-CHEUN LEE

Page: 615-628

Rigid Polyurethane Foam from Palm Oil Polyol–Polyethylene Glycol Blend (MALAYSIA) by IZZAH ATHIRAH AHMAD NASIR, ADILAH ALIS, ZURINA MOHAMAD, SITI HAJJAR CHE MAN, AND ROHAH A. MAJID

Page: 629-637

Recycled Polypropylene/Peanut Shell Powder Composites: Effect of Filler Loading and Compatibilizer (MALAYSIA) by N.F. ZAABA, M. MARIATTI AND H. ISMAIL

Page: 639-645

Properties of Recycled Natural Latex Gloves Filled NBR: Effects of Sawdust and trans Polyoctylene Rubber (MALAYSIA) by OMAR S. DAHHAM, NORIMAN N.Z., SAM S.T., H. ISMAIL, S. RAGUNATHAN, ROSNIZA H., AND MARWA N. AL-SAMARRAI

Page: 647-655

Miscibility and Migration Ability of Triacetin as an Alternative Plasticizer in Polyvinyl chloride Compounds (MALAYSIA) by ARJULIZAN RUSLI, MOHAMMAD ZAKWAN MOHAMAD AND AZURA ABDUL RASHID

Page: 657-665

Effect of MAPP Addition on Impact Strength, Water Absorption, and Filler Volume Fraction of
the Waste Polypropylene/Modified Coconut Wood Flour/Glass Fiber Hybrid Composite (INDONESIA)
by HALIMATUDDAHLIANA NASUTION, SILVIA, CASTIQLIANA AND NUIM HAYAT

Page: 667-676

The Potential of Donax Grandis Hypodermal Fiber as a reinforcement in Starch-based Composite (MALAYSIA) by SOFIYAH MOHD RAZALI, MAHANI YUSOFF, SITTI FATIMAH MHD RAMLE, IRSHAD UL HAQ BHAT, ABD HAMID MAR IMAN, AND MOHD HASMIZAM RAZALI

Page: 677-684

Preparation of Cross-linked and Fluorine-silicon Modified Acrylate Emulsion by Using Mixed Green Surfactants (CHINA) by XIUMING WANG, ZHONGBIN BAO, AND LIJUN CHEN

Page: 685-696

The Influence of Interfacial Tension on the Properties of Phase Change Materials Microcapsules (CHINA) by DING LI-MING AND PEI GUANG-LING

Page: 697-707

Synthesis, Characterization, and Swelling Behavior of Hydrogels based on Graft Copolymerization of Sodium-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonate onto gelatin (INDIA) by I. CLARA AND N. NATCHIMUTHU

Page: 709-721

Bromo Butyl Rubber Cross-linked by Bismaleimide Resins, Curing Kinetics and Properties (INDIA) by P. DHANYA, S. RATHEESH, SHASHI BHUSHAN SINGH, AND C.P. REGHUNADHAN NAIR

Page: 723-736

Experimental Study on the Bending Property of Nano-silica Incorporated GF/PCBT Composites Exposed under Various Environmental Conditions (CHINA) by BIN YANG, LI KONG, LIJUN WANG, AND YANG GAO

Page: 737-751

Porous Cross-linked Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate Micro-particles Prepared by Low Temperature Photopolymerization (CHINA) by KEMIN WANG, LIFEI HE, SHAN JIANG, AND QIANG YU

Page: 753-758

Formulation and Evaluation of Microspheres of Fluoxetine Hydrochloride using different Biopolymers (PAKISTAN) by ALIA ERUM, SARA AFREEN, UZMA SALEEM, AND AISHA RAUF

Page: 759-770

Volume 33 (2016) Issue 3 , (July-2016 to September-2016)

Jul-Sep

Copper Nanoparticles Filled Epoxy Nanocomposites and their Mechanical Properties (INDIA) by ASHOK KUMAR, DIBYENDU S. BAG, R. K. TIWARI, D. N. TRIPATHI AND N. ESWARA PRASAD

Page: 419-429

Blending of Quaternized Cornstarch-g-Poly(acrylic acid) (QS-g-PAA) with Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)to Improve Adhesion-to-Fibres and Film Property of Cornstarch for Surface Coating Application (CHINA) by WEI LI, ZHENZHEN XU, LINYAN ZHANG, XU WANG, AND ANFANG WEI

Page: 431-443

Effects of Emulsifiers on Properties of Microcapsules as Self-healing Composite Materials (CHINA) by XIULAN CAI, YUAN YANG AND AILAN QU

Page: 445-455

Electrophoretic Properties of Associated Proteins and Lipids on the Surface of Raw Natural Rubber Particles (CHINA) by XIAO-YING BAI, REN-TONG YU, XUE HOU, SHENG-JUN ZHANG AND SHUANG-QUAN LIAO

Page: 457-468

Photopolymerization of Multifunctional Methacrylic Monomers: Synthesis, Properties and Effects of the Functional Groups (CHINA) by SHAN JIANG, JUNJIE LING, JUN NIE, ZHAO MENG, MENG WANG, QIANG YU, AND KEMIN WANG

Page: 469-478

Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan -Lauric Acid Derivative: Antibacterial Activity and Drug Delivery Study (INDIA) by NIVEDITA SINHA, BRIJESH K. SINGH AND P.K. DUTTA

Page: 479-489

Studies on Mechanical, Barrier, Optical and Physical Properties of LDPE/PLA Blend for Packaging Films (INDIA) by K.P. ARUL KUMAR AND S. SOUNDARARAJAN

Page: 491-502

Studies on Tribological, Damping and Thermal Properties of Polyurethane/Polystyrene
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (CHINA)
by SHOUBING CHEN, TINGMEI WANG AND QIHUA WANG

Page: 503-512

Study on the Damping Properties of Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber Reinforced by Graphene Derivative (CHINA) by ZHANG LIN, CHEN DUOLI, ZHU MINHAO, CAI ZHENBING, HE CHAO AND PENG JINFANG

Page: 513-527

Sulfur Dioxide Sensing Properties of PEDOT: PSS/Y Zeolite Composites: Effect of Metal Ion Exchanged Y Zeolite Layer (THAILAND) by POJJAWAN CHANTHAANONT, THARAPORN PERMPOOL AND ANUVAT SIRIVAT

Page: 529-538

Synthesis and Characterization of pH Responsive Polyvinyl alcohol Hydrogels with Chitosan and Poly-acrylonitrile (IRAQ, INDIA) by FAWZI HABEEB JABRAIL, AHMAD ZAKI AHMAD AND KAILASH CHANDRA GUPTA

Page: 539-553

Temperature Activated Synthesis of Poly(m-phenylenediamine) Nano-particles and
Study of their Sulfate Adsorption Performance (CHINA) by BENXIANG LI, DENGYOU LIU AND XIANGYANG LU

Page: 555-565

Corrigendum

Page: 566

Annoucement

Page: 567

Contents

Page:

Volume 33 (2016) Issue 2 , (April-2016 to June-2016)

April-June

Preparation of an Allylamine Hydrochloride-Based Hydrogel: A Nonabsorbed Calcium-and Aluminum-Free Phosphate Binder (CHINA)
by HAISONG ZHANG, HUA YUAN, MENG YU, HAILEI ZHANG AND LIBIN BAI

Page: 245-257

Preparation and Characterization of Polymeric Ultra-Low-Density Proppants: Epoxy/Phenolic Resin-Coated Polystyrene/Graphite Microspheres (CHINA)
by RUI MA, XIAOBING HAN , FENG BAO, JIE GAO, SANFENG JIANG, XU ZHANG, KAIYUE CHEN AND CHUNJIE YAN

Page: 259-270

Effect of 2-Hydroxy Ethyl Acrylate (HEA) Content on Swelling of Poly Acrylamide-co-Hydroxy Ethyl Acrylate-co-Acrylic Acid Hydrogels (INDIA)
by SEEMA AWASTHI AND REENA SINGHAL

Page: 271-292

Pyranine Doped Hydrogel Based pH-Strips for Low pH Regions (TURKEY)
by A. GELIR

Page: 293-303

Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Study of Epoxy Methacrylate of 9,9’-Bis(4-Hydroxy Phenyl) anthrone-10 and its Jute and Glass Composites (INDIA) by J. D. THANKI AND P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 305-317

Preparation of Sodium Montmorillonite Clay Loaded Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Chitosan Composite Mixed Matrix Membranes and Their Application in Pervaporation Dehydration of Isopropanol (INDIA)
by HEMANG R. MEHTA AND Z.V.P. MURTHY

Page: 319-331

Modification of Epoxy Resin with Silicone Rubber and In-situ Generated Alumina Silicates (INDIA) by UMA DHARMALINGAM, MEENAKSHI DHANASEKARAN, KOTHANDARAMAN BALASUBRAMANIAN AND RAVICHANDRAN KANDASAMY

Page: 333-349

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (VCL-HEA-IA) Terpolymer for Drug Release Applications (TURKEY) by BENGI ÖZKAHRAMAN, IÔIL ACAR AND GAMZE GÜÇLÜ

Page: 351-363

Effect of Charge Density on Structural Characteristics of Cationic Polyacrylamide: Models Based on Reactivity Ratio and Characterization (CHINA)
by QINGQING GUAN, HUAILI ZHENG JIN XU, FANG TIAN AND XIAOXU SUN

Page: 365-377

Synthesis and Characterization of Comb-type Multifunctional Macromonomer as Alternative Monomers for Light-cured Unfilled Dental Resins (CHINA) by KEMIN WANG, JUNJIE LING, JUN NIE AND QIANG YU

Page: 379-392

Synthesis and Characterization for PEG-Succinyl-Amino Acidyl-Pterostilbene Conjugates and invitro Release of Peterogtilbene (CHINA)
by YUE ZHANG, SHUCHUN ZHAO, XIANXIAN SHI, AIBING CHEN, HUA ZHAO AND HONGXIA DU

Page: 393-405

A Novel Double Network Hydrogel with High Swelling and Mechanical Properties (INDIA) by AKANSHA DIXIT AND DIBYENDU S. BAG

Page: 407-418

Contents /Cover

Page:

Volume 33 (2016) Issue 1 , (January-2016 to March-2016)

Jan-Mar

Preparation of Polyaniline/Nano SiC/Epoxy Hybrid Coating and Evaluation of its Corrosion Resistant Property
by CHUANBO HU, YANSHENG ZHENG, YUSHI DING, BEIYUE MA AND YING LI

Page: 1-15

Preparation, Physicochemical Characterizations, and the Antioxidant Activity of the Biopolymer Films Based on Modified Chitosan with Starch, Gelatin, and Plasticizers (EGYPT)
by MOHAMED E. I. BADAWY, ENTSAR I. RABEA AND MAHMOUD A. M. EL-NOUBY

Page: 17-32

Low Density Polyethylene/Polymeric Microballoon Syntactic Foam: Processing and Compressive Response (INDIA) by J. SANDEEP AND VELA MURALI

Page: 33-39

Iodine Complexes of Acid-Functionalized Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels: Synthesis, Characterization and Release Studies by NASREEN MAZUMDAR, S. ISHRAQUE AHMAD, SHOWKAT A. GANIE AND AKBAR ALI

Page: 41-52

Methods to Enhance Adhesiveness Between Metal and Fibre Reinforced Polymer layers in Carbon-Jute Reinforced Aluminium Laminates by M. VASUMATHI AND VELA MURALI

Page: 53-62

Synthesis and Characterisation of a Novel Optically Active Dendronized Polymer bearing Biphenyl Moiety by CHANG-AN YANG, YING LU AND YUNCHUAN XIA

Page: 63-73

Rapid Method for Estimation of Ethylene Content in Ethylene-Propylene Copolymers by RAVINDRA KUMAR, VEENA BANSAL, SUJIT MONDAL, G.S. KAPUR, V. KAGDIYAL AND DEEPAK SAXENA

Page: 75-85

Synthesis of Polycaprolactone via Ring Opening Polymerization Catalyzed by Candida Antarctica Lipase B Immobilized onto an Amorphous Silica Support (TURKEY)
by NUREFSAN GOKALP, CANSU ULKER AND YUKSEL AVCIBASI GUVENILIR

Page: 87-100

Physico-Chemical Study of Modified Mannich Base Cured Epoxy Resin of 9,9Ã¢â‚¬â„¢-bis(4-Hydroxy Phenyl) Anthrone-10 and its Jute and Glass Composites
by JABAL D. THANKI AND P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 101-109

Mechanical Properties of Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber Latex (SBR) and Vinyl-Acetate-Ethylene (VAE) Polymer Modified Ferrocement (PMF)
by RAJINDER GHAI , PREM PAL BANSAL AND MANEEK KUMAR

Page: 111-126

Segmented Poly(L-lactic acid)-Co-polyamides Synthesized through Polycondensation and Chain Extension (CHINA)
by YANPING ZHAO, SUQING LI, XIAOKAI YUAN, JINGBO ZHAO, ZHIYUAN ZHANG, JUNYING ZHANG AND WANTAI YANG

Page: 127-144

Effect of Ball Milling Time on Treated Banana Stem Fibre on the Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber (NR) Latex Films (MALAYSIA)
by A.S. SITI NURAYA, A. BAHARIN AND A.R. AZURA

Page: 145-154

Effect of Amino-functionalized on Tensile and Electrical Properties of Graphene Nanopowder Filled Epoxy Thin Film Nanocomposite by Z.A. GHALEB, M. MARIATTI AND Z.M. ARIFF

Page: 155-164

Synthesis and Characterization of Polystyrene-block-Polyisoprene block-Poly(butyl acrylate) Triblock Copolymer
by M. NORZURAIN, A.H.S HELYATI, M.I. MOHD AZLAN AND M. NOOR AISHATUN

Page: 165-171

Quantitative Analysis of Natural Antioxidant Remaining in Various Natural Rubber Types
by SUWIMON SIRIWONG, ADISAI RUNGVICHANIWAT, PAIROTE KLINPITUKSA,

Page: 173-179

Multilayer Graphene Filled Epoxy Thin Film Composites: Transparency, Morphology and Thermal Conductivity by A. NORSHAMIRA AND M. MARIATTI

Page: 181-190

Characterization and In Vitro Study of Surface Modified PLA Microspheres Treated with NaOH (MALAYSIA)
by M. M. S. MOHD SABEE, N. A. KAMALALDIN, B. H. YAHAYA, AND Z. A. ABDUL HAMID

Page: 199-200

Mechanical and Physical Properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA) /Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) Blends by I. NOORIZZAH, A.W.M. KAHAR AND D.N. UYLAN

Page: 201-212

Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose From Cassava Peel Waste Filler Loading on Natural Rubber Latex Products (INDONESIA)
by HAMIDAH HARAHAP, SUKARDI, ANDRI RUSLI, TASLIM AND INDRA SURYA

Page: 213-221

Tensile Properties and Thermal Stability of Gamma Irradiated Epoxidized Natural Rubber Latex with the Presence of Sensitizer
by C. K. CHAI, C.T. RATNAM, L.C. ABDULLAH AND H.M. YUSOFF

Page: 223-232

Tensile, Swelling and Thermal Aging Properties of Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana) Peel Powder Filled Natural Rubber Compounds its Corrosion Resistant Property (CHINA)
by NORJULIA AHMAD MAHIR, HANAFI ISMAIL AND NADRAS OTHMAN

Page: 233-243

cover

Page:

Volume 32 (2015)

Volume 32 (2015) Issue 4 , (October-2015 to December-2015)

October- December, 2015

Synthesis and Swelling Behavior of a High Temperature-Resistant Superabsorbent by WEI WU AND JINWEI WANG, TAO CHEN, XIANGPENG WANG, LIANG LI, RUONAN WU AND XIAOYUN ZHANG (CHINA, USA)

Page: 361-371

Enhancing Ink Jet Printability & Antibacterial
Properties of Polyamide 6 Fabric Using DBD Plasma
by HEND M. AHMED AND USAMA M. RASHED (EGYPT)

Page: 373-384

Poly(divinyl benzene) Cross-linked Magnetic Polystyrene Composite Particles:
Synthesis and Characterization by MD. MAHBUBOR RAHMAN, SHANTI ISLAM, YEASMIN NAHAR, G. M. SHAFIUR RAHMAN, MD ASHRAFUL ALAM, MD. ABDUL GAFUR, ABDELHAMID ELAISSARI AND HASAN AHMAD (BANGLADESH)

Page: 385-395

Synthesis of Novel Soluble Poly (aryl ether ketone)s Containing Dihydrochalcone Moieties
by ZIROU ZHANG, LIANG XU, HAIYAN FENG, GENGMING XIONG, YIKAI YU, TAO WANG, YING ZHANG AND LU ZHANG (CHINA)

Page: 397-409

Synthesize of PANI/g-C N Composites by Interfacial Polymerization Method and Study of the Visible-light Driven Photocatalytic Performance of the Composites
by QINGBO YU, XIANHUA LI, LEIGANG ZHANG, XUEXUE WANG, YULUN TAO AND XIAOZE WANG (CHINA)

Page: 411-422

Acylation of Cellulose Diacetate by Stearoyl Chloride and Characterization for the Acylated Product
by QIANG WANG, MINGMING SUN, MING GUO, XUENING FU, XIAOHUI ZHANG, JING ZHANG, RUI CAO AND LINGNA SUN (CHINA)

Page: 423-433

Protein-Intercalated Bentonite as Nano-Reinforcement in Bloodmeal-Based Bioplastics
by RASHID M. SHAMSUDDIN, CASPARUS J.R. VERBEEK AND MARK C. LAY (NEWZEALAND, MALAYSIA)

Page: 435-449

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties of K-Carrageenan/Si O2 Nanocomposite Films for Active Food Packaging
by R. VENKATESAN AND N. RAJESWARI (INDIA)

Page: 451-460

Poly (2-methyl-5-vinyl tetrazole) Ã¢Ë†â€™ Poly (3-nitratomethyl-3-methyl oxetane) Blend: An Insensitive Energetic Binder for Propellant and Explosive Formulations by SUJIT KUMAR SHEE, T S REDDY, SHAIBAL BANERJEE AND ARUN KANTI SIKDER (INDIA)

Page: 461-469

Radiation Induced Grafting of Glycidyl Methacrylate onto LDPE-I: Grafting kinetics, Sulfonation and Binding Efficacy
by C. V. CHAUDHARI, K. A. DUBEY, Y. K. BHARDWAJ AND L. VARSHNEY (INDIA)

Page: 471-481

Preparation and Thermal Stability of Phosphorus Acrylic Latex Modified with Organic Silicon
by ZHONGBIN BAO, WEN LI, TINGTING XU, ZHENGRONG FU AND LIJUN CHEN (CHINA)

Page: 483-490

Effect of Polymerization Time on Structural and Dielectric Behaviour of Cellulose/ Polypyrrole Composite

Page: 491-502

Hydrophobic Coating of Polymethylmetha-Crylate (PMMA) on Glass Substrate for Reduced Bacterial Adhesion
by VAISHALI RANI GARG AND RAVINDRA NATH SINGH (INDIA)

Page: 503-512

Synthesis, Characterization and Property Evaluation of Vinyl Fluorosilicone by FENG CHEN, JUN LIU, QIXIN ZHUANG, MINGKANG TAO, MINJIE GONG, TONGXIN WANG, XIAOYUN LIU (CHINA)

Page: 513-525

Synthesis of Chitosan-Graft-Poly (Acrylic Acid) Using 4-Cyano-4- [(Phenylcarbothioyl) Sulfanyl] Pentanoic Acid to Serve as RAFT Agent
by MOJTABA ABBASIAN, AND FARIDEH MAHMOODZADEH (IRAN)

Page: 527-541

Contents

Page:

Volume 32 (2015) Issue 3 , (July-2015 to September-2015)

July-September

A Hollow Spherical Polypyrrole-Sulfur Cathode for LithiumÃ¢â‚¬â€œSulfur Batteries by Z. Z. LI, Y. PAN, J. J. CHENG, J. A. PAN, L. LI, C. WU, P. GAO AND Z. S. MA (CHINA)

Page: 237-245

Effect of Filler Size on Properties of Linear Low Density Polyethylene-Silica Nanocomposites
by GIRIJA MOONA, RINA SHARMA, NIDHI SINDHU AND V. N. OJHA (INDIA)

Page: 247-258

Synthesis, Characterization and Application of New Poly (Aniline-Co-4-Fluoroaniline) DBSA Nanocomposites as Conducting Materials by J. VIVEKANANDAN, P.S. VIJAYANAND, A. MAHUDESWARAN AND R. ANANDARASU (INDIA

Page: 259-270

Epoxidized Natural Rubber Based Core-Shell ParticlesÃ¢â‚¬â€Synthesize, Characterization and Toughening Studies by YIHAO TANG, GANG XUE, BIN ZHANG, XUGANG ZHANG, MINGMING SUN AND JIANHUI LI (CHINA)

Page: 271-284

Degradation of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-cohydroxyvalerate) Powder by Pseudomonas Mendocina by HUIFANG LIU, ZHAOYING GAO, TINGTING SU, LEI YANG, HUSHENG JIANG, XIANGHUA YANG AND ZHANYONG WANG (CHINA)

Page: 285-290

Optimization on Mechanical Behavior of Coconut Shell Powder and Coir Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composites using Grey-Taguchi Method by K. VIGNESH, U. NATARAJAN, M. AROCKIA JASWIN AND M.D. ANTONY ARUL PRAKASH (INDIA)

Page: 291-304

Development and Characterization of Green Composite from Euphorbia Coagulum and Banana Fiber by BHUVNESHWAR RAI, GULSHAN KUMAR, V. K. TYAGI, R. K. DIWAN AND U. K. NIYOGI (INDIA)

Page: 305-316

Study of Interaction Between Dy3+ and Poly(N-vinylisobutyramide) by SHAOFEN GUO, XIAOHUA HUAN, ZHAOHUI G.E. AND ZHONGHE TIAN (CHINA)

Page: 317-327

Surface Wettability of Fluorinated and Non-Fluorinated Polyacrylate Latex Blend Films by XIAOSHUANG WANG, GUILONG XU, YUN LIANG, JIN YANG AND JIAN HU (CHINA)

Page: 329-336

Rheological and Morphological Properties of 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Based Smart Hydrogel Suitable for Sustained Drug Release by RABIN BERA, AYAN DEY AND DEBABRATA CHAKRABARTY (INDIA)

Page: 337-350

Separation of Toxic Metals and Proteins from Aqueous Solution using Poly(Vinyl Chloride)/Sulfonated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Blend Ultrafiltration Membranes by V. MURUGAN, M.M. RAJPUT AND D. MOHAN (INDIA)

Page: 351-360

Contents

Page:

Volume 32 (2015) Issue 2 , (April-2015 to June-2015)

Apr-Jun

Synthesis and Properties of Novel Fluorinated Cationic Polymer Latex
by WEN LI, ZHONGBIN BAO, ZHENGRONG FU AND LIJUN CHEN (CHINA)

Page: 103-111

Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfone Containing Polymethylmethacrylate via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

by TUBA Ãƒâ€¡AKIR Ãƒâ€¡ANAK, SELCAN CEL O LU, BETÃƒÅ“L TÃƒÅ“REL ERBAY AND i ERS N SERHATLI (TURKEY)

Page: 113-128

Hyperbranched Polyphosphate Ester/Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol-A Epoxy Hybrid Resin: Preparation, Curing, and Thermal Degradation Kinetics

by JUNHENG ZHANG, SUFANG CHEN, DAOHONG ZHANG AND AIQING ZHANG (CHINA)

Page: 127-138

Optically Active Helical Vinyl Polymers via Radical Polymerization of (S)-6-Vinyl 2,2Ã¢â‚¬â„¢-bis(Methoxy-Methoxy)-1,1Ã¢â‚¬â„¢-Binaphthyl
by GUO CHANG QIN, YE HUI CHEN, LI WEN YANG, NIAN FA YANG AND ZHU SHENG YANG (CHINA)

Page: 139-146

Graphite as a Matrix for Organotin Polymers

by CHARLES E. CARRAHER, JR., VALLABH SURESH AND MICHAEL R. RONER (USA)

Page: 147-164

Thermal Stability of Cardanol Modified Phenolic Resin
by YUAN LIU, JIE DU, JUN LUO, XIAO-QIN FENG, ZHEN-BING CAI AND MIN-HAO ZHU (CHINA)

Page: 165-177

Hybrid Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells Based on Poly (9-Vinylcarbazole)/ Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites: Effect of Aspect Ratio of Zinc Oxide Nanorod
by SHYAMALIMA SHARMA, PRONOB GOGOI, RANOO BHARGAV, SWAPAN KUMAR DOLUI AND ASIT PATRA (INDIA)

Page: 179-193

Study of Ultrasonic Degradation of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)
by LAMEI XU AND NA ZOU (CHINA)

Page: 195-210

Negatively Charged Microspheres from Stabilizer-free Dispersion Copolymerization of Styrene and Hydroxyethyl Acrylate
by LIANG KAI, LIU QINGQUAN AND PENG MEIXUAN (CHINA)

Page: 211-224

Development of Poly (Acrylic Acid-Co-Acrylamide) Grafted Sodium Alginate Superabsorbent Polymer
by TZYY-JENG YONG, YAMUNA MUNUSAMY AND SWEE-YONG CHEE (MALAYSIA)

Page: 225-236

Volume 32 (2015) Issue 1 , (January-2015 to March-2015)

abcd

Malic Acid-Adipic Acid-Butane-1,4-diol Co-polyester for Gastro-Resistant Drug Delivery by M. ABU BAKR, , ABU MAHMUD, MITHUN SARKER , M. ASHADUL ISLAM

Page: 1-8

Effect of Dispersion of PET Short Fibers on the Properties of LDPE Films by A.R. KULKARNI , P.A. MAHANWAR

Page: 9-16

Cyclic Carbonated Soyabean Oil as Plasticizer for PVC for Replacing Di-octyl Phthalate by BHAKTI MEHTA, MUKESH KATHALEWAR , ANAGHA SABNIS

Page: 17-29

Functional Organophosphorous Ionic Liquids: Synthesis and Application in PMMA Plasticization
by MIAO GUO, QUN GU,, PENG CHEN, LINGLING ZHAO, ONGZE LIANG

Page: 31-43

Studies on Effect of a Silane Coupling Agent (TESPT) on the Properties of Fly Ash-Natural Rubber Composite by Dayal Singh Mehra, ARTI MAAN, UTPAL KUMAR NIYOGI,, ANIL KUMAR SINGH, SUNITA RATTAN

Page: 45-55

The Efficiency of Chitosan as a Coagulant in the Treatment of the Effluents from the Sugar Industry by RITHA L. L. PAMBI, PAUL MUSONGE

Page: 57-63

Fabrication and Property of Thermally Conductive Composites Composed of Glass Fiber Reinforced Poly (Butylene Terephthalate), Polypropylene and Silicon Carbide
by XIA CAI, JINGHONG XU, FENGLEI SHEN

Page: 65-76

Preparation of Dual-Responsive Nanogels for Controlled Release of Insulin by LEI LI, GUOHUA JIANG, TENGTENG JIANG, QIN HUANG, YONGKUN LIU, HUA CHIN

Page: 77-84

Mechanical and Electrical Resistivity of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites
by SHAMRIA SABATINA LATIF,, SHAMSUN NAHAR, MAHBUB HASAN

Page: 85-92

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Polyvinyl Alcohol/SiO Nanocomposite Films for Packaging Applications
by VENKATESAN RAJA, RAJESWARI NATESAN, THENDRAL THIYAGU

Page: 93-101

Volume 31 (2014)

Volume 31 (2014) Issue 4 , (October-2014 to December-2014)

October-December

Investigation of Physico-Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability of High Density Polyethylene/Polylactide Blends by GAURAV MADHU, HARIPADA BHUNIA, PRAMOD K BAJPAI

Page: 381-395

Development and Characterization of Fly Ash Reinforced Natural Rubber Composite by ARTI MAAN, UTPAL KUMAR NIYOGI, ANIL KUMAR SINGH, DAYAL SINGH MEHRA AND SUNITA RATTAN

Page: 397-408

Synthesis and Characterization of Methacrylate Epoxy Resin of 1,1'-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) Cyclohexane and Its Composites by JIGNESH V . PATEL, RITESH D. BHATT AND PARSOTAM H. PARSANIA

Page: 409-420

Preparation of Multi-Responsive Micelles from Functionalized Polysuccinimide for Drug Release by XIANGXIANG DU,YONGJIE YAN AND GUOHUA JIANG

Page: 421-432

Mechanical and Thermal Study of Graphene Oxide/ Cyanate Ester/Epoxy Nanocomposites by JUAN DING, YING HUANG AND TIAOZHENG HAN

Page: 433-444

Polyimide/Clay Nanocomposites Based on a New Aromatic Diamine (BAMO) Containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole Moieties by YAGOUB MANSOORI AND BEHRAD FAKHTEH

Page: 445-462

Facile Synthesis and Characterization of a New Conducting Copolymer: Poly (aniline-co-4-fluoroaniline) Doped with Silver Nanoparticles by J. VIVEKANANDAN, A. MAHUDESWARAN, A. JEEV A AND P . S. VIJAYANAND

Page: 463-475

Preparation and Curing Behavior Study of Primary Amine-functional Benzoxazine/Epoxy Copolymer by ZUWEI ZHU, ZIHAO ZHANG, YUE SITU AND HONG HUANG

Page: 477-489

Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Processable Perylene Copolyimides and Their Luminescence and Thermal Properties by PUSHPA SINGH AND SARFARAZ ALAM

Page: 491-502

Influence of Gamma Irradiation on Chemical Structure and Thermal Properties of Polyethylene Maleic Anhydride by N. RAJESWARA RAO, T . VENKATAPPA RAO, S.V .S. RAMANA REDDY AND B. SANJEEVA RAO

Page: 503-515

Volume 31 (2014) Issue 3 , (July-2014 to September-2014)

July-September

Synthesis and Properties of Poly(N-tert-butylacrylamide-co-acrylamide)/ Silica Composite Hydrogels by QIMENG LI, CANZHU GAO AND ZHONGFA CHENG

Page: 233-246

Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-based Hybrid Polyurethane Materials by DINESH BALGUDE AND ANAGHA SABNIS

Page: 247-261

Preparation and Properties of Starch-based Film Using N-(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Methylpropan-2-yl) Formamide by JIANMEI CHEN, HONGGUANG DAI, XIANLIANG SHENG, LIRONG WANG, NAREN LIU, LIPING AN AND BING LIANG

Page: 263-273

Synthesis and Properties of Poly(ether sulfone)s Containing Phthalazinone and Cyclic Phosphine Oxide Moieties by ZHANG KUN, XU JING AND AI SHI-YUN

Page: 275-286

Preparation and Surface Pigment Protection Application of Stone Substrate on UV-Curable Waterborne Polyurethane-acrylate Coating by JICHENG XU, FENGXIAN QIU, XINSHAN RONG, YUTING DAI AND DONGYA YANG

Page: 287-303

Synthesis of Different Soft Segmented Polyurethane Membranes: Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity Studies by P. AJIT WALTER, D. GNANASEKARANAND BSR REDDY

Page: 305-318

Studies on Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Phase Morphology of Glass/Bamboo Fibers Reinforced Vinyl ester Resin Based Hybrid Composites by SUBHASH MANDAL AND SARFARAZ ALAM

Page: 317-332

Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization of Styrene in Poly (Ethylene Glycol) by LEMIN ZHU, LEI YE, FUZHEN YAN, HUAN LIU, ZIJING ZHANG AND RONG RAN

Page: 333-346

New Superabsorbent Nanocomposites based on Polyacrylamide/clay: Synthesis, Characterization and Investigation of their Adsorption Properties by KHADIJEH DIDEHBAN, MOHSEN MOSADEGH, HADI ADELKHANI, MOZGHAN HAYASI, AHMAD NOZAD GOLIKAND AND AHMAD AMIRSHAGHAGHI

Page: 347-358

Organotin Polymers As Chemotherapeutic Agents in the Treatment of Cancer: General by CHARLES E. CARRAHER, JR., MICHAEL R. RONER, KIMBERLY SHAHI, AMITABH BATTIN, GIRISH BAROT AND THEODORE S. SABIR

Page: 359-380

Volume 31 (2014) Issue 2 , (April-2014 to June-2014)

April-June

Comparative Anticancer Activity of Water-Soluble Organotin Poly(ethylene Glycol) Polyethers by CHARLES E. CARRAHER, JR., MICHAEL R. RONER, GIRISH BAROT AND KIMBERLY SHAHI (USA)

Page: 123-133

Coating Polypyrrole-Silver Nanocomposites on Sulfonated-Polystyrene Microspheres by One-Step Method Using Agno as an Oxidant by GUOHONG REN, WENQIN WANG, YANQIONG YANG, WUJIN CAI AND ZHONG-REN CHEN (P.R. CHINA

Page: 135-144

Crosslinking of Epoxidized Natural Rubber with Terephthalic Acid : Effect of Terephthalic Acid and Cassava Starch by SA-AD RIYAJAN, WATCHARIN KHIATDET, THANAWADEE LEEJARKPAI AND DUANGPORN RIYAPAN (THAILAND)

Page: 145-158

Ultrasonic Irradiated Synthesis of Acrylic Acid-co-acrylamide as pH and Salt Sensitive Hydrogel by RAJABALI EBRAHIMI, FATEMEH SADEGHI NIYARAKI AND AZADEH BOLOURI JIRANDEH (IRAN)

Page: 159-167

Effect of Polymerization Conditions on Grafting of Methyl Methacrylate onto Feather Keratin for Thermoplastic Applications by ENQI JIN, MANLI LI AND LUYAN ZHANG (P. R. CHINA)

Page: 169-183

Mechanical Properties and Rheological Behavior of Poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/Oligomeric modified MMT clay Nanocomposites by JITENDRA S. NARKHEDE, N. G. SHIMPI AND V. V. SHERTUKDE (INDIA)

Page: 185-197

Preparation and Electrical Properties of PLZT/PVDF Nanocomposites by CHUNYING MIN, PENG NIE, DAN SHEN, KAILI ZHAO AND XIHUI CHEN (CHINA)

Page: 199-209

Chitosan Hydrogel Beads : A Comparative Study with Glutaraldehyde, Epichlorohydrin and Genipin as Crosslinkers by ANUPAMA THAKUR, R. K. WANCHOO, HARDEEP AND S. K. SONI (INDIA)

Page: 211-223

Two Dyes Co-sensitized Photopolymer for Multi-Wavelength Holographic Recording by ZHAI FENGXIAO, YANG GUANG, YANG KUN AND HUANG MINGJU (P. R. CHINA)

Page: 225-232

Volume 31 (2014) Issue 1 , (January-2014 to March-2014)

January - March

Organotin Polymers as Chemotherapeutic Agents: Breast and Pancreatic Cancers (Florida)
by Charles E Carraher, JR., Michael R. Roner, Kimberly Sahai, Amitabh Battin, Girish Barot and Tiasha Arnold

Page: 1-14

Ionic Liquid Graft Modification of Sulfonated Poly(etheretherketone) Membrane (P.R.China) by ZHENGPING ZHAO, JIANBING JI AND FENGYING YU

Page: 15-27

Effect of Addition of Iron Salt in Amine Solution on Performance of Polyethylene Imine-Isophthaloyl Chloride (PEI-IPC) based Polyamide-Polysulfone Composite Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membranes (India) by BITAN GHOSH, A.K.GHOSH, R.C. BINDAL AND P. K.TEWARI

Page: 29-38

Effect of Stacking Sequence and Aspect Ratio on Buckling Performance of Symmetric Carbon-Jute Aluminium Epoxy resin Reinforced Laminates Under Various Test End Conditions (India)
by M. VASUMATHI, VELA MURALI AND R. CHENGUTTUVAN

Page: 39-47

Studies on Fluorine-Containing Bismaleimide Resins Part II: Preparation and Characteristics of Reactive Blends of Fluorine-Containing Bismaleimide and Epoxy (Taiwan) by WEI-JYE SHU AND RUEY-SHI TSAI

Page: 49-62

Kinetics of Biodegradation of Polypropylene/Polylactide Blends (India) * by KIMI JAIN, GAURAV MADHU, HARIPADA BHUNIA, PRAMOD K. BAJPAI AND M. SUDHAKARA REDDY

Page: 63-76

Effect of Processing Parameters on the Properties of Rigid PVC/Organoclay Nanocomposites (Malaysia) by HAYDAR U. ZAMAN AND M.D.H. BEG

Page: 77-87

Preparation and Properties of Degradable Hydrogels Based on Diallyl Terminated Cyclic Acetal and PEG Monomer (P.R. China) by KEMIN WANG, NAN ZHANG, JIAN LU, RUIXUE YIN, JUN NIE AND QIANG YU

Page: 89-99

Thermal and Mechanical Properties of -NH end Capped Mellitic acid Hexamethyl Ester Rigid Precursor Reinforced Linear Poly(Amic Acid) (P.R. China) by WEI WU AND JINWEI WANG

Page: 101-110

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Polyester Resin from Jatropha Seed Oil for Anticorrosive Coatings (India)

Page: 111-121

Volume 30 (2013)

Volume 30 (2013) Issue 4 , (October-2013 to December-2013)

Oct-Dec

Polyurethanes from Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene: Effect of Hydroxyl Value on Crosslinking and Mechanical Properties by C P Reghunadhan Nair, Jakka Udaya Bhaskar, K.N. Ninan

Page: 363-379

Improving the Mechanical, Physical, Thermal and Morphological Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene with Dialkylperoxide by Kamil Sirin, Mesut Yavuz, Murat Canh, Ali Avei and Fatih Dogan

Page: 381-396

Polyvinylidene(PVDF)/ Polyethersulfone(PES) Blend Hollow Fiber Membranes: Effects of Preparing Conditions on their Properties and Morphology by Lishun Wu and Jun Fen Sun

Page: 411-422

Effect of Fiber Loading and Alkali Treatment on Physical and the Mechanical Properties of Bagasse Finer Reinforced Polypropylene Composites by Rezaul Karim, Md Fahim Rahman, Mahbub Hasan, Md Saiful Islam and Azman Hassan

Page: 423-433

Synthesis and Flocculating Properties of Cationic Starch by Guangtian Liu, Jing Lei

Page: 435-445

Composite Matrix Prepared by Waterborne Epoxy with Glycidoxypropyl Functionalised Silica Gel and their Protective Performances on MG Alloy by Feng Zhu, Jinwei Wang and Jin Zhang

Page: 447-459

Highly Accelerated Synthesis of Epoxy-Acrylate Resin by F. Mohtadizadeh, M. J. Zohuriaan-Mehr

Page: 461-469

Electrospinning of chitosan nanofibres loaded with curcumin for wound healing by Dr Bhaarathi Dhurai, Dr Saraswathy Nachimuthu, Mr Maheswaran, Mr Ganesh kumar, Mr Ramesh Babu

Page: 471-483

Development, characterization and Evaluation of Low Density Polyethylene Based Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging by M.R. Manikantan, Rajiv Sharma, T. Arul Selvam and N.Varadharaju

Page: 485-502

Effect of a-cyclodextrin (a-CD) on the Crystallization Behavior of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB) by Wencan XI, Hongmei KANG, Hua LI, Hezhou LIU, Luhua ZHONG, Guanyue TAN, Xiaoping LAN

Page: 503-513

Synthesis and Characterization of High Molecular Weight Poly(L-lactic acid) Using Stannous Octoate/ Maleic Anhydride Binary Catalyst System by GM Arifuzzaman Khan, M Terano and MD Shamsul Alam

Page: 397-410

Volume 30 (2013) Issue 3 , (July-2013 to September-2013)

Jul-Sep

Synthesis of Poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride]/ 2 Silicon dioxide Nanopowder Composite: Study of its Anion Selectivity, Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Activity by P. CHOWDHURY, S. P. BAYEN, P. MONDAL AND S. K. SAHA

Page: 239-248

Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Cationic Vinyl Monomer with Quaternary Ammonium Group Grafted Polypropylene by GUANGTIAN LIU AND WEI TANG

Page: 249-260

Preparation of Poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone)/Polyvinyl-alcohol Composite for
Dual-drug Encapsulation via Electrospinning by XIAOQIANG LI, WANWAN LIU, MENGJUAN LI, YONGGUI LI AND MINGQIAO GE

Page: 261-272

Influence of Titanium dioxide on Melt Flow Index, Mechanical and
Thermal Properties of Polypropylene by SAISY K ESTHAPPAN AND RANI JOSEPH

Page: 273-289

Surface Modification of Polyester Fabric by Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment and Its Effect on Coloration Using Natural Dye by HEMEN DAVE, LALITA LEDWANI, NISHA CHANDWANI, PURVI KIKANI, BHAKTI DESAI AND S.K.NEMA

Page: 291-304

Radiation Processing of Nylon 6 by Gamma Rays and Improvement of its Physico-Mechanical properties by NILAY KANTI PRAMANIC, M. SARWARALAM, UTPAL KUMAR NIYOGI AND RAMSANKAR HALDAR

Page: 305-319

Stiffness Prediction of Hybrid Kenaf/Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyproplene
Composites using Rule of Mixtures (ROM) and Rule of Hybrid Mixtures (RoHM) by M. R. MANSOR, S. M. SAPUAN, E. S. ZAINUDIN, A. A. NURAINI AND A. HAMBALI

Page: 321-334

Effect of Low and High Molecular Weight Fractions on the Performance of
High Density Polyethylene in Large Blow Molding Applications by K. K.VIMAL, V. KAGDIYAL, G. S. KAPUR AND SHASHIKANT

Page: 335-347

Study of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced
Polyethylene Composites by M. MAHARANI, S. SOUNDARARAJAN, K. PALANIVELU AND D. H. RAIKER

Page: 349-362

Volume 30 (2013) Issue 2 , (April-2013 to June-2013)

Apr-Jun

Bioethanol Dehydration through Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and 3A Zeolite Mixed Matrix Composite Pervaporation Membrane by BAISALI SARKAR, KAMMARA SUNITHA, SUNDERGOPAL SRIDHAR, VIJAY KALE

Page: 131-143

Terpolymerization of Ethylene/Propylene/5-Ethylidene-2-Norbornene Using rac-Et(Ind)2ZrCl2 and Modified-Methylaluminoxane Metallocene Catalyst System by YAO HUANG, ZHISHENG FU, XUEPING GU, LIANFANG FENG, ZHIQIANG FAN

Page: 145-157

Physical properties of the maleated sulphur prevulcanized natural rubber latex-g-cellulose fiber by SA-AD RIYAJAN, ISARA INTHARIT AND PRAMUAN TANGBORIBOONRAT

Page: 159-174

Ring-Opening Polymerization of ?-Caprolactone to Polycaprolactone Using N-heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysts by YAN WANG, XING-NA GUO, RUI ZHANG, LI-FANG ZHANG AND QIAO-YUN LIU

Page: 175-185

Preparation, Physicochemical and Biological Study of Chitosan/Prednisolone Succinate Pro-drug for Pharmaceutical Applications by ASHISH BHATT, BRIJESH K SINGH, D. ARCHANA, AMITA VERMA AND P.K. DUTTA

Page: 187-197

Optimization of mixing parameters on the impact strength and flexural properties of montmorillonite incorporated epoxy resin by M. BAKAR, M. KOSTRZEWA, A. BIA?KOWSKA, M. GR?DKOWSKI

Page: 199-211

Fabrication and performance of hybrid betel nut and jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite by SONALEE BORAH HAZARIKA, SAAD UDDIN CHOUDHURY, SUJIT SANKAR PANJA, SWAPAN KUMAR DOLUI AND BIDHAN CHANDRA RAY

Page: 213-224

Preparation of Crosslinked Cationic Poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Microspheres by Precipitation Copolymerization
by H. AHMAD, M. MAHIUDDIN, M. A. RAHMAN, M. M. RAHMAN, M. A. J. MIAH, K. TAUER

Page: 225-237

Volume 30 (2013) Issue 1 , (January-2013 to March-2013)

Jan-Mar

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Niobocene Polyamine Ethers 1-14
Containing the Antiviral Drug Acyclovir by CHARLES E. CARRAHER, JR.. , THEODORE S. SABIR, MICHAEL R. RONER, AND GIRISH BAROT

Page: 1-14

Fullerene (C60) Containing Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) Thermo-responsive 15-26
Smart Hydrogels and their Swelling Behavio by RASHMI KATIYAR, DIBYENDU S BAG AND INDIRA NIGAM

Page: 15-26

Synthesis and Physico-chemical Study of Copoly(ester-sulfonate) of 1,1'-Bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxy phenyl) cyclohexane, Isophthaloyl chloride and
4,4'-Diphenyl disulfonyl chloride by LINA JOSHI, JIGNESH V. PATEL, P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 27-35

Studies on ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer/fluorocarbon rubber blends:
Effect of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer
as a compatibilizer by AJALESH B NAIR, PHILIP KURIAN AND RANI JOSEPH

Page: 37-51

Synthesis and Physico-chemical Study of Multifunctional Cardo Epoxy Resin and
its Jute Fiber Reinforced Silica Filled and Unfilled Composites by JIGNESH P. PATEL, POOJA P. ADROJA, P. H. PARSANIA

Page: 53-64

Properties of Polyamide Hot Melt Adhesive (HMA) Synthesized using Polymerized Fatty Acid and Ethylenediamine by PRAVIN G. KADAM AND S. T. MHASKE

Page: 65-78

Polypropylene/Zinc oxide nanocomposite fibers: Morphology and thermal analysis by SAISY KUDILIL ESTHAPPAN, MUKESH KUMAR SINHA, PRIYANKA KATIYAR, ANURAAG SRIVASTAV, RANI JOSEPH

Page: 79-89

Studies on Maleimide Functionalized Phenolic Resin by CHINNASWAMY THANGAVEL VIJAYAKUMAR, ARUNACHALAM SUNDARESAN, MURUGESAN ANNARAJAN, NAGARAJAN DAVID MATHAN, SHANMUGAM VINAYAGAMOORTHI AND RAJENDRAN SURENDER

Page: 91-102

Properties of Glass Fiber-Carbon Nanotube (CNT)/ Epoxy Composites by R. RAMLEE, M. MARIATTI, Z. A. MOHD ISHAK, AND A. R. MOHAMED

Page: 103-116

Effect of Natural Rubber/Epoxidized Natural Rubber (90/10) on Mechanical and
Thermal properties of Linear Low density polyethylene by I. M. ALWAANA, A. HASSANB,, M. JAWAID

Page: 117-130

Volume 29 (2012)

Volume 29 (2012) Issue 4 , (October-2012 to December-2012)

Oct-Dec

Synthesis, Structural Analysis, Fiber Formation and Preliminary Anticancer Characterization of the Organotin Polyether from Dibutyltin Dichloride and 2,5-Dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol by Charles E. Carraher, Jr., Girish Barot, Michael R. Roner, Kimberly Shahi, Claudia Pellerito, Tiziana Fiore, Michelangelo Scopelliti, and Lorenzo Pellerito

Page: 371-386

Organotin Polyamine Esters from Reaction of 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid and Organotin Dihalides by Charles E. Carraher, Jr. Amit Gupta and Michael R. Roner

Page: 387-400

Structural Parameters and Swelling Behaviour of pH Sensitive Poly (Vinyl alcohol)/ Poly (Ethylene oxide) and Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Xanthan Gum Hydrogels by Shelly, Hema Setia, Anupama Thakur and R.K. Wanchoo

Page: 401-409

Reduced Graphene Oxide/ Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Co-polymer Composite with Improved Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy by Debabrata Nandi, Atanu Talukdar, Uday Chand Ghosh, Amitabha De, Satyaban Bhunia and Arup Kumar Ghosh

Page: 411-421

Bowstring Hemp Fiber Reinforced Epoxidized Natural Rubber Compounds by E. Osabohien

Page: 423-435

Effect of Matrix and Staking Sequence of Recycled Jute/Carbon Fiber Hybrid Laminated Composites by K. Y. Fong, M. Mariatti, and H. Takagi

Page: 437-449

Effect of Organometallic and Tertiary Amine Catalyst on the Properties of Polyurethane Prepolymer by Runumi Gogoi, Utpal Kumar Niyogi, M. Sarwar Alam and Dayal Singh Mehra

Page: 451-462

Synthesis, Spectral and Thermal Analysis of Unsaturated Copoly(ester-amide) of Cardo Epoxy Resin by Jignesh P. Patel and P. H. Parsania

Page: 463-869

Volume 29 (2012) Issue 3 , (July-2012 to September-2012)

Jul-Sep

Studies on Mechanical, Morphological Behaviour of PA6, 6/EEA-g-MA Blends by Jebarani Jeyaraj, A.U. Santhoskumar, N. Sivapatham and K.Palanivelu

Page: 287-292

Investigation of Dielectric Relaxation Parameters of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Films Using TSDC Technique by Rajesh Kalia and Sapna Kalia

Page: 293-300

Separation of Methanol from Methanol-Toluene Mixtures using Polydimethylsiloxane
Hydrophobic Membrane by Vishal Jadav, Mausumi Mukhopadhyay, and Z..V. P. Murthy

Page: 301-308

Preparation and Circular Dichroism Properties of Chitosan/Methoxycinnamaldehyde by Santosh Kumar, D.K. Tiwari, P.K.Dutta and Joonseok Koh

Page: 309-316

Fluorinated Polymer Membranes for Separation of Industrial Gas Mixtures by R. Surya Murali, T. Sankarshana, S. Sridhar and A. P. Kharitonov

Page: 317-330

Synthesis and Characterization of a Nanofiltration Membrane and its Performance in Separating Metal Ions by Alka A. Mungray and Z.V.P. Murthy

Page: 331-348

Eco-friendly Rot and Crease Resistance Finishing of Jute Fabric using Citric Acid and Poly Ethylene Glycol by A K Samanta and A Bagchi

Page: 349-360

SUBJECT

Journal of Polymer Materials : An International Journal

Chief Editor

Editor

Co-Editor

Editorial Board (Overseas)

Advisory Board

Volume 38 (2021) Issue 3-4 , (July-2021 to December-2022)

Volume 38 (2021)

Volume 38 (2021) Issue 1-2 , (January-2021 to June-2021)

Volume 37 (2020)

Volume 37 (2020) Issue 3-4 , (July-2020 to December-2020)

Volume 37 (2020) Issue 1-2 , (January-2020 to June-2020)

Volume 36 (2019)

Volume 36 (2019) Issue 4 , (October-2019 to December-2019)

Volume 36 (2019) Issue 3 , (July-2019 to September-2019)

Volume 36 (2019) Issue 2 , (April-2019 to June-2019)

Volume 36 (2019) Issue 1 , (January-2019 to March-2019)

Volume 35 (2018)

Volume 35 (2018) Issue 4 , (October-2018 to December-2018)

Volume 35 (2018) Issue 3 , (July-2018 to September-2018)

Volume 35 (2018) Issue 2 , (April-2018 to June-2018)

Volume 35 (2018) Issue 1 , (January-2018 to March-2018)

Volume 34 (2017)

Volume 34 (2017) Issue 4 , (October-2017 to December-2017)

Volume 34 (2017) Issue 3 , (July-2017 to September-2017)

Volume 34 (2017) Issue 2 , (April-2017 to June-2017)

Volume 34 (2017) Issue 1 , (January-2017 to March-2017)

Volume 33 (2016)

Volume 33 (2016) Issue 4 , (October-2016 to December-2016)

Volume 33 (2016) Issue 3 , (July-2016 to September-2016)

Volume 33 (2016) Issue 2 , (April-2016 to June-2016)

Volume 33 (2016) Issue 1 , (January-2016 to March-2016)

Volume 32 (2015)

Volume 32 (2015) Issue 4 , (October-2015 to December-2015)

Volume 32 (2015) Issue 3 , (July-2015 to September-2015)

Volume 32 (2015) Issue 2 , (April-2015 to June-2015)

Volume 32 (2015) Issue 1 , (January-2015 to March-2015)

Volume 31 (2014)

Volume 31 (2014) Issue 4 , (October-2014 to December-2014)

Volume 31 (2014) Issue 3 , (July-2014 to September-2014)

Volume 31 (2014) Issue 2 , (April-2014 to June-2014)

Volume 31 (2014) Issue 1 , (January-2014 to March-2014)

Volume 30 (2013)

Volume 30 (2013) Issue 4 , (October-2013 to December-2013)

Volume 30 (2013) Issue 3 , (July-2013 to September-2013)

Volume 30 (2013) Issue 2 , (April-2013 to June-2013)

Volume 30 (2013) Issue 1 , (January-2013 to March-2013)

Volume 29 (2012)

Volume 29 (2012) Issue 4 , (October-2012 to December-2012)

Volume 29 (2012) Issue 3 , (July-2012 to September-2012)